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programmable gain amplifiers are devices which help to control gain of analog or digital signals through serial or parallel digital i/ps each digital i/p controlling the gain have certain gain factor if there is a 3-bit gain control port you can have 8 different steps of gains. u just need to apply the signal to the input and acheive the desired amplification at the out put with the specific gaincontrol bits. microchip provide a wide range of such amplifiers that you can look at www.microchip.com.
programmable gain amplifier, or called digitally controlled variable gain amplifier (VGA), usually applied to provide constant output amplitude with variable input signal levels, typically used in a Automatic Gain Loop. PGAs are usually presented in the back end of the receiver (before ADC, baseband), while analog controlled VGAs are used in front-end of the receiver (RF band, just after the LNA). The key specificatoins are gain variation range, linearity, dB-linear gain control charactersitic, and other specs used in OpAmp/RF amp. Design a wide-range, low-distortion, low-power (especially for mobile applications) PGA is not an easy job. For example, in wideband receiver (vedio) before a 12-bit ADC, PGA with THD less than (6*12+1.8)=74dB is required, typically dB-linear range is 30dB.
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