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Do you speak about power levels or about moving to a different
voltage domain on a chip or about something on board level ?
The boardlevel solution is already here, so I'll concentrate on the
integrated parts
For power levels the easiest would be a single stage charge pump.
Switch your 3.3V to a capacitor that is connected to gnd, after charging
is complete, you switch the gnd node of the cap to 3.3V. The voltage
on the cap needs to maintain the 3.3V potential difference and therefore
the node that has been charged to 3.3V in the first step is boosted to 6.6V
maximum. The charge stored in this pumpcap can be transfered into your
5V network. However you need a comparator to stop the chargepump if your
voltage exceeds 5V on the output.
To control the pump itself you need a small statemachine to generate the control signals and one reference clock. You can choose the clock frequency according to
your needs. It's always a tradeoff between efficiency, area and current output.
If you can't get enough current out of one pump you can use multiple pumps in
parallel or you can use a two or three stage pump ... However if using higher
voltages, take care about device reliability, oxid breakdowns and hot electrons
might have an impact on lifetime ...
Switching between voltage domains on a chip, you should look for level-shifters
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