Hi, I have no papers about them but I do know that here in my country (Holland) they have placed capacitors accross the primary and secondary (10Kva transformers) windings to couple high frequency > 1 KHz signals accross. From the construction I would think that losses are high, specially at high frequencies > 50 KHz. due to iron losses.
Power line is a pulsed channel model. A good model for these channels is HMM. These models have two states, good or bad. In good state, channel is only AWGN and in bad state channel combined of AWGN+Impulsed noise.