For standard AAA batteries, the voltage is 1.5 each, so putting three or four in series would provide enough current. However, I wonder if AAA battery could deliver 700mA of current? 700mA is close to 1A, and is in fact quite large from many perspectives. Is there any example that stepper motors of this class is driven by consumer batteries?
I had some difficulties in getting the maximum rating of current for batteries. For example, many batteries are marked with only the capacity like 700mAh for an AAA battery. The nominal voltage of AAA battery is 1.5V, but how could I know this 700mAh rating is for either
The battery capacity that battery manufacturers print on a battery is usually the product of 20 hours multiplied by the maximum constant current that a new battery can supply for 20 hours at 68 F° (20 C°), down to a predetermined terminal voltage per cell. A battery rated at 100 A·h will deliver 5 A over a 20 hour period at room temperature. However, if it is instead discharged at 50 A, it will have a lower apparent capacity.[45]
So does it mean a 700mAh battery could only supply a constant current of 35mA? It seems pretty frustrating since if this is true then there is no way such a battery can drive the stepper motor above.
You cant use something that is not exist, there is not enough energy in AAA battery.
We can put four AAA batteries in serie to achieve 6V with one diode we can lower that voltage to 5,3V.
(also consider voltage drop while load is present).
But for capacity mAh, we must put batteries in parallel connections to achieve needed capacity.
All of this with AAA is under question, because You need high number of this batteries.
What is time needed for runing that stepper?
This is job for lithium batteries or lead acid (gell/glass) sealed!!!
When batteries go to serial then voltage is added, and when is parallel connection then voltage is the same but capacity is added.
For Alkaline-manganese:
AA capacity is 2000mAh with typical drain of 50mA.
AAA capacity is 1000mAh with typical drain of 10mA.
When paralleling batteries there is problem of inequality of battery properties (internal resistance/voltage). Battery with lower voltage will discharge battery with higher voltager.
When batterie is in serie (chain of batteries) there is also problem of battery properties (internal resistance/voltage) each link in the chain must give current, if one is poor or bad than all circuit current will be on question.