voltage controlled oscillator calculations

[abhishek.2138]

Hello,

I wonder how the attached VCO circuit works. Its output frequency is 300KHz. Can anyone pls tell me the calculations? Its an integrator but component values are not matching with the output.

 

[danadakk]

The integrator produces a ramp, the comparator, with hysteresis, trips
at its edge set by the + fdbk R divider. So you would calc ramp from
RC and input V, and determine when it hits comparator trip point. That
gives you one half the period, do the same for the other side, then you have
the period.

Comparator calculator -

Comparator Hysteresis Design Equations

Regards, Dana.

 

[abhishek.2138]

Thanks for your reply.
I understand the theory, but similar to comparator can you please tell integrator calculations.
Because I need to change the frequency from 300KHz to 100KHz , so that calculations will help me to find component values.

 

[KlausST]

Hi,

Without schematic and integrator calculations:
What happens if you increase the capacitor by a factor of 3?
Since 300kHz/100kHz = 3

Just as simple approach.

Klaus

 

[danadakk]

The relationship is fairly simple, a step input to an integrator results in
a ramp .

https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/opamp/opamp_6.html

So we have Q = C x V, I = C x dV/dT or dT = (C x dV)/ I

Because of virtual ground at OpAmp I = Vcomparator / R. So you have two
dT's, the ramp up and the ramp down to compute, Vcomparator is the trip
point of the comparator.


Regards, Dana.

 

[abhishek.2138]

Thanks for your reply.
I understand the theory, but similar to comparator can you please tell integrator calculations.
Because I need to change the frequency from 300KHz to 100KHz , so that calculations will help me to find component values.

I have referred calculations at below link but the calculations & frequencies do not match as per the above schematic.

Link - https://www.eeeguide.com/op-amp-integrator-circuit/

--- Updated Jul 15, 2022 ---

But

The relationship is fairly simple, a step input to an integrator results in
a ramp .

https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/opamp/opamp_6.html

So we have Q = C x V, I = C x dV/dT or dT = (C x dV)/ I

Because of virtual ground at OpAmp I = Vcomparator / R. So you have two
dT's, the ramp up and the ramp down to compute, Vcomparator is the trip
point of the comparator.


RegardsT

But, these calculations not justify with the component values & output frequency.

 

[danadakk]

Have you measured your R & C values ? And what type of caps are you using ?
Ceramic or Teflon or Mica or Polymer or.......

Some caps have a strong V dependency, like ceramic caps. So if you measure them
you have to do that in the conditions they operate in to get their "effective" value.

https://www.calramic.com/Design/Assets/PDF_files/CalRamic-AN113-Voltage-Dependence.pdf

You could back into the problem by taking a known R & C, measure freq, and use that in a
linear equation to predict freq from other values.

Freq = a *C + K where C equal C value, K is slope offset.

Note this assumes the F to V relationship in circuit operation stays linear over F and V.....

Lastly this ignores the slew rate of the comparator solution which could add significant delay
at higher freqs, hence alter the ideal mathematical relationships, describing equations.

When you measure freg, how are you doing that ?


Regards, Dana.

 

[KlausST]

HI,

I don´t see your calculations. Thus I can´t verify it. Show them.

Where is the schematic of post#1 from? give a link.

The schematic of post #1 misses some important informations for the frequency calculations.
I miss the supply voltage and the exact OPAMP type. Both have impact on resulting frequency.
Thus we can´t do the math.

Klaus

 

[abhishek.2138]

Hi,

Without schematic and integrator calculations:
What happens if you increase the capacitor by a factor of 3?
Since 300kHz/100kHz = 3

Just as simple approach.

Klaus

Hello KlausST,

Actually, I am working on CLLC DC-DC converter & want to vary output as per input voltage to opamp. This VCO is in the feedback path. So, if I get calculations then effectively feedback circuit can be designed. The input to the circuit is constantly varying as per load & also to minimize ripple.