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Bypassing internal amp (and maybe pre-amp) in a DVD Receiver

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deniss77

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The main jist of my post is this: I would like to attempt bypassing a power amp and maybe even the pre-amps in my receiver to get to the purer signals right after the DSP (digital sound processor). The central question for what follows is this: can I tap or split a signal in the circuit board and route it to an external pre-amp input without disrupting the power trace downstream and subsequently ruining the equipment completely?

I have an Onkyo DVD receiver, DR-UN7, which is part of a shelf mini-system. I like it because it can play SACD and DVD-Audio, among most other formats conceivable, and has 5.1-channel surround sound capability.

Shortcoming: there is no pre-out for the main fronts (only the speaker-level terminals)! And there are no other outs I could use to get around this problem. The amp is only 16Wpc into 8 Ohms with THD 5% at rated power. This sounds really bad on paper, though in reality, I never heard it distort. Still, I want plenty of headroom to drive my main fronts.

Current set-up: for the main fronts, I use a line-out converter to step the signal down to line-level, then I use Onkyo A-RV401 (integrated amp, 100 Wpc) to drive my main fronts (Paradigm Mini Monitors v.4). For other channels, I use Yamaha DSP-E492 (integrated amp, DSP, 60 Wpc) to drive center (Polk CS2) and rear surrounds (Infinity US-1). It's a budget set-up, which sounds good, but I like a challenge, and it's difficult not to want to make further improvements to what you have :)

First mod seems simple enough: I want to either bypass or incorporate a switch to bypass the built-in power amplifier in this unit and obtain pre-outs for the main fronts (so that there's no need to use a line-out converter). These will be added RCA outs - I'm not trying to replace what's already on the backplate of the receiver, just add to it. I have a service manual for this unit with detailed PDFs of well-labeled circuit diagrams. The power amp is housed on a separate PC board from the pre-amp, all of which the SM identifies.

Second mod might be tougher. Ultimately, I would like to bypass the preamp circuitry in my DVD Receiver and instead use an external pre-amp box, using the DVD Receiver only as a Disc Player, Tuner, and codac. To clarify, I want to keep the DSP circuitry but tap its output signals before they go through the built-in preamps and route them to a new set of RCA outs, to which an external pre-amp can be connected.

The schematic says (and I would be happy to post it or email it individually) that the built-in power amp is on a separate PC board. The pre-amp and the DSP share the same PC board. There is an IC chip at the heart of the pre-amp board, which I believe is designed to do the switching between different inputs (i.e., tuner, dvd) and different listening modes (i.e., 2-ch, 2.1-ch, 5.1-ch, DTS, DVD-Audio, etc). It appears that the pre-amps are situated after this chip, so it's the outputs from this chip that I want.

Has anyone done something like this, and is it possible to design a new set of RCA outs like I mentioned without ruining downstream circuitry?
 

Many audio opamps are wideband and therefore oscillate at a high frequency if they drive the fairly high capacitance of a shielded audio cable. A 100 ohm resistor from the output of the opamp circuit isolates the cable capacitance and prevents oscillation.
Inside a receiver there might not be shielded cable or its length is too short to cause an oscillation problem so the 100 ohm isolation resistor is not used.
 

    deniss77

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Re: Bypassing internal amp (and maybe pre-amp) in a DVD Rece

Audioguru said:
Many audio opamps are wideband and therefore oscillate at a high frequency if they drive the fairly high capacitance of a shielded audio cable. A 100 ohm resistor from the output of the opamp circuit isolates the cable capacitance and prevents oscillation.
Inside a receiver there might not be shielded cable or its length is too short to cause an oscillation problem so the 100 ohm isolation resistor is not used.

Ah, so that's why low-capacitance cables are advised for interconnects.

Am I using this resistor for when I want to bypass both the pre-amp and the amp? (I assume that the signal from the internal pre-amp doesn't need this if I'm only bypassing the internal amp).

Is 100-Ohm resistor going in series with the opamp output into the signal line, and the outer jacket of the RCA connector going straight to common ground?

Added after 15 minutes:

Exploded view of the unit assembly:

A001 - Chassis
T901 - Transformer
U01 - Pre-amplifier & DSP PC Board assy
U02 - Power amplifier PC Board assy
U03 - Power Supply PC board assy
U04 - Fan drive PC board assy
U05 - Terminal PC board assy
U06 - Display (front LED) PC board assy
U07 - Switch PC board assy
U08 - Headphone jack PC board assy
U10 - XM digital transceiver PC board assy
U11 - DVD MAIN PC board assy
U12 - Tuner unit
Z001 - DVD Mechanism assy
Z301 - Fan

I have complete list of parts for this diagram, as well as other circuit diagrams I'm about to post.
 

Re: Bypassing internal amp (and maybe pre-amp) in a DVD Rece

deniss77 said:
Ah, so that's why low-capacitance cables are advised for interconnects.
No.
A product must never oscillate when it uses normal high capacitance cables so they have resistors to stop the oscillation.
but the high capacitance and resistors cause high frequency rolloff if connecting cables are long. Use low capacitance cables to avoid the rolloff.

Am I using this resistor for when I want to bypass both the pre-amp and the amp? (I assume that the signal from the internal pre-amp doesn't need this if I'm only bypassing the internal amp).
When you feed an internal signal to the outside then a resistor must be added in series.

Is 100-Ohm resistor going in series with the opamp output into the signal line, and the outer jacket of the RCA connector going straight to common ground?
The resistor is in series with the opamp circuit. The opamp's feedback resistor must continue to be connected to the opamp's output pin with the new 100 ohm resistor. Grounds have nothing to do with the resistor.
 

Re: Bypassing internal amp (and maybe pre-amp) in a DVD Rece

Here is the board schematic for the Pre-amp section of U01 (the board that houses Pre-amp and DSP).

Split images show the board a little bit better.

My understanding is that the IC chip in the center (Q4001) is the main switch for different functions of the unit, collating signals for output depending on the source and function (tuner, audio from CD/DVD, video from DVD).

Looking at the lower right corner of the Q4001 IC chip (end of D-4, start of E-4), there are 6 audio signals coming out: PRE_RS (right surrnd), PRE_LS (left surrnd), PRE_C (center), PRE_R (right front), and PRE_L (left front).

Looks like the pre-amplifier circuit for the main fronts is located in E-4, F-4, E-5, F-5, and the output from that circuit (PRER, PREL, GND, GND) is in G-4, routed to the amp board. The pre-amp circuits for the center is in B-4, surrounds in B-4, and subwoofer in D-5.

Is this correct, or am I way off reading this?
 

Re: Bypassing internal amp (and maybe pre-amp) in a DVD Rece

Sorry about that.

Here's the service manual in PDF - infinitely clearer.
 

Re: Bypassing internal amp (and maybe pre-amp) in a DVD Rece

I puzzled over SD-1 some more (SD-1 referring to the schematic for the pre-amp part of U01 board).

I came to the conclusion that my reading of the diagram was probably too simplistic. I am pondering about the actual purpose of Q-4001, the IC in the middle of SD-1.

First of all, it's noteworthy that all the inputs to this receiver first go to Q4001, including TAPE in, LINE in.

The communication between the pre-amp and the DSP (shown on schematic SD-2) is shown in 3 places on SD-1: C1, G1, and G5. The latter two are not of main importance here since they seem to carry menu option logic and not audio signals (such as S.BASS, listening mode, etc). While on the subject of available options, which may help when reading the circuitry.... This receiver is equipped with so many options. It can run in 2-ch, 2.1-ch, and 5.1-ch modes, it has equalization for each channel's output level, it has bass/treble equalization, it has speaker placement menu, as well as various listening modes for the DSP (Mono, Stereo, DTS, DDPLII for movies, music, and games, and various effects like Orchestra, Unplugged, Studio-Mix, etc).

Of interest is SD-1:C1, which shows FR+, FR-, FL+, and FL- going from Q4001 in the pre-amp to DSP and the DSP returning to the preamp 6 discrete channels: DAC_FR (front right), DAC_FL (front left), DAC_CT (center), DAC_SW (subwoofer), DAC_SR (surround right), and DAC_SL (surround left).

I really don't understand what happens at B-2. The DAC signals get split and processed and the fed back into Q4001 as several versions of left-right channels - is it a noise suppression loop of some kind?

What is the 4-transistor arrangement in B4 of SD-1? Is that actually the pre-amplification circuit or just a stabilizing feedback loop? The circuit at E-4, E-5, F-4, and F-5 for the front speakers - does that look like the actual pre-amp circuit or does it have some other meaning?

Many, many thanks and sorry for my uninformed drivel here - just thinking out loud.
 

Re: Bypassing internal amp (and maybe pre-amp) in a DVD Rece

I've learned a little more info.

I called Onkyo technical support and asked them what Q4001 does and whether it handles pre-amplification or not. They told me Q4001 "does the switching and volume control". That's what the engineer told the rep. This probably includes relative equalization of the channels also.

The reason the circuit for main fronts (E-4, E-5, F-4, F-5) is more complicated than the circuits for other pre-outs (B-4, D-5) is because this receiver employs "VLSC" (vector linear shaping circuitry, they call it) on the main fronts only.

Thus my final question is: ARE the circuits I indicated above (B-4; D-5; E,F-4,5) pre-amplification circuits? Since I'm not an electrical engineer, I don't know for certain what that 4-transistor formation actually does.
 

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