i don't know where to post this so i'm posting it here.
i'm trying to build a very simple vga controller in fpga. i found the spec but there is only one thing that i don't understand. i can't figure out what the borders are. what is top border, bottom borer, right and left borders. the signal diagram that i found (https://www.epanorama.net/documents/pc/vga_timing.html) speaks shows only a front and back porches but noting about the borders. i would really appreciate if someone could explain there the borders are located with respect to the signal diagram.
I think it is a hangover from CGA where there was a separate border colour:
"In text mode, the border color (displayed outside the regular display area—into the overscan area) can be changed from its usual black to any of the other 15 colors." - CGA info.