If you use a resistor instead of an inductor, and if you're lucky, then it's possible that you would get the proper voltage at the output. However, the efficiency would be terrible (completely defeating the purpose of using a switching regulator in the first place). If you really don't want to use an inductor, you should use a linear regulator (LDO) instead, being mindful that your efficiency will not be good. If you want high efficiency, you must use a switching regulator with an appropriate inductor.