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Hello, It depends on. Test points usually most helpful to troubleshoot the board by repair technicians. So TPs should be available to them readily. certainly no technician wants to dismantle the device completely to reach a TP. so depending on orientation of board within device place TPs somewhere readily available with minimum effort either top or bottom.
regards,
some production setups use test points on the bottom as they connect with a "bed of nails" production test setup
(this is where there are a bunch of pins (nails) in a contraption and the board is lined up and placed on top. The pins then inject test signals and power into the test points and monitor outputs.)
Clearly if you want to manually prod test points you would want them ontop
Test point in a circuit board used for specific testing for functional adjustment or quality test in the circuit-based device.
These days most circuit boards are automatically assembled and tested.
Machine test points, for ATE (Automated Test Equipment) bed of nails testing, just need to be pads or lands,this is usually Smd pads,if you ask me about the placement of the smd pad(testing) it again depends on the testing procedures and its requirement.
Let me make one thing clear here,if the boards are prototype then it is usually through hole,because of on-going development in the board.
As i told you earlier if it is for mass production then Smd pad(Test point) is choosen and it depends upon ATE accessibility to the testing point whether to mount it on top or bottom.
Anyways check these sites below it will make you understand about present trend
and procedures...
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