there is no difference, the same antenna has a transmitter and a receiver attached, pretty much regardless of if its a large dipole antenna at VHF or a horn fed parabolic reflector at microwave freqs or whatever other variation in between.
On a very basic level the transmitter is pulsed rapidly and the receiver usually muted during those pulsed so as not to be swamped by the hi power level. The receiver is turned on/unmuted between the TX pulses so that it can "listen" for the reflections of the transmitted pulses.