input voltage xilinx spartan 3 fpga
It's worthwhile reading these Xilinx documents:
"Spartan-3 FPGA Family Complete Data Sheet" (DS099), section "Functional Description", sub-section "Powering Spartan-3 FPGAs".
"Spartan-3 Generation FPGA User Guide" (UG331), chapter "Powering Spartan-3 Generation FPGAs".
Many designers use LDO regulators when the project's available input voltage is too low for ordinary regulators. However, LDO isn't a requirement if your input voltage is high enough for an ordinary regulator. Of course, the efficiency of a linear regulator decreases as you increase the input voltage. Switching regulators are generally more efficient but more complex.