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measuring a frequency
Just see the output wave form on a scope (with ac input coupling). You can see spikes of amplitude around 100-200mV (may vary) at equal intervals. These spikes are produced when the switch is operated (two spikes - on and off - per cycle) on the dc-dc converter. It gives...
Yes, I agree. But we were discussing about transistors in saturation region which means both junctions are fully saturated. 1.2V with 21k resistor will not saturate the junction. It will be working on the lower flat area of the VI curve.
However, I got the thing !!! thanks to all... especially...
measure mains with oscilloscope
1. In DC mode the display will show the exact waveform. In AC mode, the dc components will be removed and only ac components will be displayed. This mode is useful when we are monitoring the ripples/spikes of a power supply or when u are checking transient...
vce drop
Thanks for the immediate reply.
Then one more doubt : If diode cut-in voltage is a function of doping concentration, why are almost all silicon diodes having forward drop around 0.7V and germanium around (0.3V) almost irrespective of part number. Usually power diodes will have high...
Bandwidth of an oscilloscope is the maximum frequency it can handle. And the sampling rate (only in digital oscilloscopes) is the number of input samples taken in one second. I know, these two are just 'crude' definitions.
Usually in digital scope, it will be written - 100MHz/1GS/s which means...
vcesat
I have an uncleared but very basic doubt for a very long time ... since i started studying semiconductor....
Why is Vce(sat) (Collector Emitter voltage of a transistor at saturation) constant (around 0.2V) for all transistors whatever be the biasing voltage, power handling, power...
Re: parameter in PA
1) I dont know much about isolation parameter of a power amplifier. Probably it may be something related to output - input isolation.
2) DC/Dc Converters can be broadly classified as Non-isolated and isolated dc/dc converters. In non-isolated converter, the input return...
Re: schottky diodes???
Every junction formed between a metal and a semiconductor will act as a diode. But the work function (forward drop or depletion region) is inversly proportional to the doping concentration of the semiconductor.
If the semiconductor is lightly doped, the width of the...
If your LED power requirement is very low, then you can use a transistor itself directly. Thing to remember is : transistor is a current driven device. Larger the output current (here LED current) larger the input driving current, which the processor may not be able to deliver.
Generally...
555 circuit equations
The derivation is given in text book "Linear Integrated Circuits" by D. Roy Choudhary. This is an Indian text book. I don't know whether it is available there.
Hope you find that,
SUjO
ESR means Effective Series Resistance. This is the resistance encountered by the current through the capacitor while charging/discharging (But not the lead resistance). It is caused by the difficulty offered by the dielectric to change from its current state of charge and depends upon the...
Re: 3s timer
Just replace the relay with your device you want to switch, with its +ve end tied to +12V and the -ve end to the collector. BC548 is enough upto 400mA applications. Just check that the Chip should be capable of delivering Ic/β amount of current. If not use another...
Your question gives the impression that; the case is ideal - i.e. pure inductance and pure capacitance nothing else. Zero inductor coil resistance, zero leakage flux in Inductor, zero ESR (Effective Series Resistance) of capacitor C, Zero leakage in C, Zero heating losses (of course this is...
1) High input resistance/impedance is a desired characteristic for any device. It indicates that the device requires very low current from the previous device (a circuit or part of a circuit) to operate. When input impedance is high, the previous stage can drive infinite (ideal case) number of...
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