Must be the measured peak gain of antenna smaller than the simulated result ?

[lily1981216]

The measured peak gain of my antenna is larger than the simulated one. Is it right? If the directivity is changed during processing and measuring, can the measured result be larger than simulated one due to the power concentration.

 

[dick_freebird]

Seems to me that there are many unknowns here,
fidelity of simulation (esp. accuracy of model and
geometry and materials attributes) and fidelity of
measurement (calibration, outside influences and
interferers, etc.).

I think you want a measurement standard for the
hardware test (getting the right answer validates
the setup) to see which to believe.

 

[vfone]

How much "peak gain is larger than the simulated one" ? 1dB, 10dB?
When designing aperture antennas, as horns or reflectors, the simulated results are pretty much the same (faithfully) as the measured result.
But when is about printed antennas (patches, PIFA, IFA, etc.) or ceramic chip antennas, there are many factors that affect the antenna performances and could show discrepancies between simulations and measurements.