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My downconverter mixer is a double balanced switch fets.
the RF signal is AC coupling through a capacitor.
the dc voltage is setup by a op_amp followed the switches.
But when simulated (Cadence Spectre), I found there many other frequency (not harmonic ) energy at the op_amp output.
Why? I thought the switches size are large, so when switch crossovering, injection charge from switches deteriorate the function.
You're welcome !
You need a low pass filter to cut off the high frequency components.
Actually to be more precise, you need a diplexer that will terminate the IF output to a total resistive load, as it will ensure better linearity. At the same time, it will cut off high frequency components.
However, be prepare to do a lot of tuning on board as it is very difficult to simulate IP3 performance unless you have very accurate model of the transistor you're using.
My downconverter mixer is a double balanced switch fets.
the RF signal is AC coupling through a capacitor.
the dc voltage is setup by a op_amp followed the switches.
But when simulated (Cadence Spectre), I found there many other frequency (not harmonic ) energy at the op_amp output.
Why? I thought the switches size are large, so when switch crossovering, injection charge from switches deteriorate the function.
First, I recommend you download of Steven Maas' "Nonlinear Microwave Microwave and RF Circuits" from edaboard. In that book, passive and active mixers are explained ver welll.
Second....
In these simulations , some errors may occur. Especially PSS analysis, Cadence should have very good defined models for the active devices and inital conditions. It should be very carefull
Operating points of the FET's should be well designed , otherwise many spurious will be appeared at the output. I mean when you expand FET's transfer function into Taylor series, you'll see that there will be many unwanted spurious signals at there...
And finally, try in ADS also. Because regarding my experience , Harmonic Balance method is much more suitable for "highly nonlinear "devices.
Watkins-Johnson Company published WJ Tech-Notes on a variety of topics relevant to microwave communications for almost 20 years, starting in the mid-1970's. While some of these notes have become seriously out of date, many retain their relevance, since the fundamentals of physics and electrical engineering haven't changed. We have converted those Notes which are still of interest into electronic form and provide them here as a service to the Wireless Communications community. They are catergorized by volume (vol. 1 - 18).
Volume 1
Developing the Electron Bombarded Semiconductor-an On-Target Amplifier
Developments in FML and Miniature Millimeter LNTWA Devices
The Laminar Flow Gun CRT - New Concepts for the Electron Beam
The Coplanar Mixer
YIG-tuned bulk GaAs Osciallators
Voltage Controlled Osciallators
Volume 2
X-Ray Flux from Transmission-Target Tubes
Airborne Rotary DF Antenna Systems
Microwave Frequency Synthesizers - Accuracy and Purity
High Probability of Intercept Receivers In EW Environments
Ka-band YIG-tuned GaAs Oscillators
A Modern Receiving System Approach to EMI/EMC/TEMPEST Measurements
Volume 3
Electron Bombarded Semiconductors
Linear VCO's Linearize Microwave Sources
EW Acquisition Systems... Probability of Intercept and Intercept Time
Gain of Directional Antennas
EMC/TEMPEST Detection Systems... Test & Measurement Instrumentation
Signal Recognition in a Complex Radar Environment
Volume 4
Advances in Microwave Receiver Testing
Design of Power Converters for Space TWTA's
Pulsed X-Ray Tubes...
YIG-Tuned Integrated Devices
Cavity-Controlled Oscillators
Volume 5
Mixers as Phase Detectors
HF Receiver Design
Transportation Lag in Phase-Locked Loops
Hyberabrupt Varactor-Tuned Oscillators
Solid-State Limiting Amplifiers
Miniature X-band Amplifiers and Down Converters
Volume 6
Cascade Amplifiers
Advances in CRT Technolgoy Part 1
Advances in CRT Technology Part 2
Antenna Polarization
YIG-Tuned FET Oscillator Design 8-18 GHz
Signals Typical to the HF Spectrum
Volume 7
Hybridization of Competitive Receivers
High Dynamic Range Receiver Parameters
Digitally Controlled VHF/UHF Receiver Design
Ultralow-Noise Source for Noise Analyzer Calibration
FSK: Signals and Demodulation
Specifying High-rel Mixers and Amplifiers
Volume 8
UHF/VHF Direction Finding
Mixers: Part 1; Characteristics and Performance
Mixers: Part 2; Theogy and Technology
Antenna Pedestals for Microwave
Digital Transmission of Analog Signals
Local Oscillator Phase Noise and it's Effects on Reciever Performance
Volume 9
Improving System and Environmental DF Accuracy
DF System Calibration and Correction Techniques
Digital Signal Processing for Multi-channel Receiving Systems
Design of Automatic Receiver Test Systems
18 to 60 GHz Signal Generation from Existing Sources
Time-Domain Receivers for Pulsed Signals - Part 1
Volume 10
Time-Domain Recievers for Pulsed Signals - Part 2
Frequency Memory Loops
ELF/VLF Receiver Design
Predicting Intermodulation Suppression in Double-Balanced Mixers
Low-Power VHF/UHF Synthesizer Design
Microwave Sampling for Ultra-Broadband Frequency Conversion
Volume 12
Software Design of Microprocessor - Controlled Receivers Part 2
Design Considerations for Automated RF Test Equipment
Image-Reject and Single-Sideband Mixers
Modulation Recognition for Automated Surveillance Systems
Aircraft Detection and Identification Using Passive Electronics Support Measures
System Control of VHF/UHF Receivers
Volume 13
Parallel Testing of Magnetic Bubble Memories
Developments in Receiving System Integration Techniques
Time Tracking of High PRI Signals with Bit-Slice Microprocessors
Dual Mixers
Wideband YIG-tuned Oscillators
Volume 14
Receiver Dynamic Range: Part 1
Receiver Dynamic Range: Part 2
Volume16
Automated Noise-Parameter Measurements Using a Microwave Probe
Rapid Broadband Signal Acquisition
Cascaded Amplifiers
Frequency Discriminators
Design Considerations for Miniaturized Receivers
Millimeter-Wave Block Converters
Volume 17
Mixers in Microwave Systems: Part 1
Mixers in Microwave Systems: Part 2
Surface-Mount Component Technology
Fiber Optics for Receivers
Combline Filters for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
Part 1
Combline Filters for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
Part 2
Volume 18
Surface-Mount Devices Reflow Soldering
Design Considerations for Fast Switching PLL Synthesizers
Atmospheric Pressure vs. Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
GaAs MMIC Voltage-Controlled Phase Shifter
Tech Notes
Gain of Directional Antennas
Mixer Application Information
Mixers as Phase Detectors
PSK Demodulation: Part 1
PSK Demodulation: Part 2
Watkins-Johnson Company published WJ Tech-Notes on a variety of topics relevant to microwave communications for almost 20 years, starting in the mid-1970's. While some of these notes have become seriously out of date, many retain their relevance, since the fundamentals of physics and electrical engineering haven't changed. We have converted those Notes which are still of interest into electronic form and provide them here as a service to the Wireless Communications community. They are catergorized by volume (vol. 1 - 18).
Volume 1
Developing the Electron Bombarded Semiconductor-an On-Target Amplifier
Developments in FML and Miniature Millimeter LNTWA Devices
The Laminar Flow Gun CRT - New Concepts for the Electron Beam
The Coplanar Mixer
YIG-tuned bulk GaAs Osciallators
Voltage Controlled Osciallators
Volume 2
X-Ray Flux from Transmission-Target Tubes
Airborne Rotary DF Antenna Systems
Microwave Frequency Synthesizers - Accuracy and Purity
High Probability of Intercept Receivers In EW Environments
Ka-band YIG-tuned GaAs Oscillators
A Modern Receiving System Approach to EMI/EMC/TEMPEST Measurements
Volume 3
Electron Bombarded Semiconductors
Linear VCO's Linearize Microwave Sources
EW Acquisition Systems... Probability of Intercept and Intercept Time
Gain of Directional Antennas
EMC/TEMPEST Detection Systems... Test & Measurement Instrumentation
Signal Recognition in a Complex Radar Environment
Volume 4
Advances in Microwave Receiver Testing
Design of Power Converters for Space TWTA's
Pulsed X-Ray Tubes...
YIG-Tuned Integrated Devices
Cavity-Controlled Oscillators
Volume 5
Mixers as Phase Detectors
HF Receiver Design
Transportation Lag in Phase-Locked Loops
Hyberabrupt Varactor-Tuned Oscillators
Solid-State Limiting Amplifiers
Miniature X-band Amplifiers and Down Converters
Volume 6
Cascade Amplifiers
Advances in CRT Technolgoy Part 1
Advances in CRT Technology Part 2
Antenna Polarization
YIG-Tuned FET Oscillator Design 8-18 GHz
Signals Typical to the HF Spectrum
Volume 7
Hybridization of Competitive Receivers
High Dynamic Range Receiver Parameters
Digitally Controlled VHF/UHF Receiver Design
Ultralow-Noise Source for Noise Analyzer Calibration
FSK: Signals and Demodulation
Specifying High-rel Mixers and Amplifiers
Volume 8
UHF/VHF Direction Finding
Mixers: Part 1; Characteristics and Performance
Mixers: Part 2; Theogy and Technology
Antenna Pedestals for Microwave
Digital Transmission of Analog Signals
Local Oscillator Phase Noise and it's Effects on Reciever Performance
Volume 9
Improving System and Environmental DF Accuracy
DF System Calibration and Correction Techniques
Digital Signal Processing for Multi-channel Receiving Systems
Design of Automatic Receiver Test Systems
18 to 60 GHz Signal Generation from Existing Sources
Time-Domain Receivers for Pulsed Signals - Part 1
Volume 10
Time-Domain Recievers for Pulsed Signals - Part 2
Frequency Memory Loops
ELF/VLF Receiver Design
Predicting Intermodulation Suppression in Double-Balanced Mixers
Low-Power VHF/UHF Synthesizer Design
Microwave Sampling for Ultra-Broadband Frequency Conversion
Volume 12
Software Design of Microprocessor - Controlled Receivers Part 2
Design Considerations for Automated RF Test Equipment
Image-Reject and Single-Sideband Mixers
Modulation Recognition for Automated Surveillance Systems
Aircraft Detection and Identification Using Passive Electronics Support Measures
System Control of VHF/UHF Receivers
Volume 13
Parallel Testing of Magnetic Bubble Memories
Developments in Receiving System Integration Techniques
Time Tracking of High PRI Signals with Bit-Slice Microprocessors
Dual Mixers
Wideband YIG-tuned Oscillators
Volume 14
Receiver Dynamic Range: Part 1
Receiver Dynamic Range: Part 2
Volume16
Automated Noise-Parameter Measurements Using a Microwave Probe
Rapid Broadband Signal Acquisition
Cascaded Amplifiers
Frequency Discriminators
Design Considerations for Miniaturized Receivers
Millimeter-Wave Block Converters
Volume 17
Mixers in Microwave Systems: Part 1
Mixers in Microwave Systems: Part 2
Surface-Mount Component Technology
Fiber Optics for Receivers
Combline Filters for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
Part 1
Combline Filters for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Frequencies
Part 2
Volume 18
Surface-Mount Devices Reflow Soldering
Design Considerations for Fast Switching PLL Synthesizers
Atmospheric Pressure vs. Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
GaAs MMIC Voltage-Controlled Phase Shifter
Tech Notes
Gain of Directional Antennas
Mixer Application Information
Mixers as Phase Detectors
PSK Demodulation: Part 1
PSK Demodulation: Part 2
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