what is called lateral electric field, especially in MOSFET?

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Hi Werner ;-)
the electric field between source & drain, i.e. parallel to the surface.
 

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Then how does this affect MOSFET behavior?
 

For short channel mosfets the lateral electric field is quite high...so it leads to injection of electrons(hot carrier injection) into the oxide layer which raises the threshold voltage of the mos-fet.
 

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