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PIC16F877A design using MPlab CCS C compiler

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youngjkoh

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Hello all,

I'm a new to this whole C programming thing, and trying to learn my way through as Im doing a senior project using this microprocessor.

Before I get started to my whole project thing, I wanted to understand how the microprocessor works with the c codes..

I've been trying to make a LED blink on one pin when the input is high, but I failed miserably..

so the questions are, as follows (bare with me, i've never done programming before..)

1. is the 16F877A.h file universal? I included what I have for header file.. So the header files are files that define variables and functions used in the c code right? Like pin numbers and stuff..

2. if I were to make a led blink on pin 2 (RA0) whenever input is high (other I/O pins should be low except the pin 2) can you give me a code that performs the function?

I wish I can just type Pin_x for every pin i use but guess that's not how i do it.. Anyways, please help. Me and my lab buddies have been working for hours but could not figure this simple thing out...


//////// Standard Header file for the PIC16F877A device ////////////////
#device PIC16F877A
#nolist
//////// Program memory: 8192x14 Data RAM: 367 Stack: 8
//////// I/O: 33 Analog Pins: 8
//////// Data EEPROM: 256
//////// C Scratch area: 77 ID Location: 2000
//////// Fuses: LP,XT,HS,RC,NOWDT,WDT,NOPUT,PUT,PROTECT,DEBUG,NODEBUG
//////// Fuses: NOPROTECT,NOBROWNOUT,BROWNOUT,LVP,NOLVP,CPD,NOCPD,WRT,NOWRT
////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// I/O
// Discrete I/O Functions: SET_TRIS_x(), OUTPUT_x(), INPUT_x(),
// PORT_B_PULLUPS(), INPUT(),
// OUTPUT_LOW(), OUTPUT_HIGH(),
// OUTPUT_FLOAT(), OUTPUT_BIT()
// Constants used to identify pins in the above are:

#define PIN_A0 40
#define PIN_A1 41
#define PIN_A2 42
#define PIN_A3 43
#define PIN_A4 44
#define PIN_A5 45

#define PIN_B0 48
#define PIN_B1 49
#define PIN_B2 50
#define PIN_B3 51
#define PIN_B4 52
#define PIN_B5 53
#define PIN_B6 54
#define PIN_B7 55

#define PIN_C0 56
#define PIN_C1 57
#define PIN_C2 58
#define PIN_C3 59
#define PIN_C4 60
#define PIN_C5 61
#define PIN_C6 62
#define PIN_C7 63

#define PIN_D0 64
#define PIN_D1 65
#define PIN_D2 66
#define PIN_D3 67
#define PIN_D4 68
#define PIN_D5 69
#define PIN_D6 70
#define PIN_D7 71

#define PIN_E0 72
#define PIN_E1 73
#define PIN_E2 74

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Useful defines
#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE 1

#define BYTE int
#define BOOLEAN short int

#define getc getch
#define fgetc getch
#define getchar getch
#define putc putchar
#define fputc putchar
#define fgets gets
#define fputs puts

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Control
// Control Functions: RESET_CPU(), SLEEP(), RESTART_CAUSE()
// Constants returned from RESTART_CAUSE() are:
#define WDT_FROM_SLEEP 0
#define WDT_TIMEOUT 8
#define MCLR_FROM_SLEEP 16
#define NORMAL_POWER_UP 24


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Timer 0
// Timer 0 (AKA RTCC)Functions: SETUP_COUNTERS() or SETUP_TIMER0(),
// SET_TIMER0() or SET_RTCC(),
// GET_TIMER0() or GET_RTCC()
// Constants used for SETUP_TIMER0() are:
#define RTCC_INTERNAL 0
#define RTCC_EXT_L_TO_H 32
#define RTCC_EXT_H_TO_L 48

#define RTCC_DIV_1 8
#define RTCC_DIV_2 0
#define RTCC_DIV_4 1
#define RTCC_DIV_8 2
#define RTCC_DIV_16 3
#define RTCC_DIV_32 4
#define RTCC_DIV_64 5
#define RTCC_DIV_128 6
#define RTCC_DIV_256 7


#define RTCC_8_BIT 0

// Constants used for SETUP_COUNTERS() are the above
// constants for the 1st param and the following for
// the 2nd param:

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// WDT
// Watch Dog Timer Functions: SETUP_WDT() or SETUP_COUNTERS() (see above)
// RESTART_WDT()
//
#define WDT_18MS 8
#define WDT_36MS 9
#define WDT_72MS 10
#define WDT_144MS 11
#define WDT_288MS 12
#define WDT_576MS 13
#define WDT_1152MS 14
#define WDT_2304MS 15

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Timer 1
// Timer 1 Functions: SETUP_TIMER_1, GET_TIMER1, SET_TIMER1
// Constants used for SETUP_TIMER_1() are:
// (or (via |) together constants from each group)
#define T1_DISABLED 0
#define T1_INTERNAL 0x85
#define T1_EXTERNAL 0x87
#define T1_EXTERNAL_SYNC 0x83

#define T1_CLK_OUT 8

#define T1_DIV_BY_1 0
#define T1_DIV_BY_2 0x10
#define T1_DIV_BY_4 0x20
#define T1_DIV_BY_8 0x30

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Timer 2
// Timer 2 Functions: SETUP_TIMER_2, GET_TIMER2, SET_TIMER2
// Constants used for SETUP_TIMER_2() are:
#define T2_DISABLED 0
#define T2_DIV_BY_1 4
#define T2_DIV_BY_4 5
#define T2_DIV_BY_16 6

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CCP
// CCP Functions: SETUP_CCPx, SET_PWMx_DUTY
// CCP Variables: CCP_x, CCP_x_LOW, CCP_x_HIGH
// Constants used for SETUP_CCPx() are:
#define CCP_OFF 0
#define CCP_CAPTURE_FE 4
#define CCP_CAPTURE_RE 5
#define CCP_CAPTURE_DIV_4 6
#define CCP_CAPTURE_DIV_16 7
#define CCP_COMPARE_SET_ON_MATCH 8
#define CCP_COMPARE_CLR_ON_MATCH 9
#define CCP_COMPARE_INT 0xA
#define CCP_COMPARE_RESET_TIMER 0xB
#define CCP_PWM 0xC
#define CCP_PWM_PLUS_1 0x1c
#define CCP_PWM_PLUS_2 0x2c
#define CCP_PWM_PLUS_3 0x3c
long CCP_1;
#byte CCP_1 = 0x15
#byte CCP_1_LOW= 0x15
#byte CCP_1_HIGH= 0x16
long CCP_2;
#byte CCP_2 = 0x1B
#byte CCP_2_LOW= 0x1B
#byte CCP_2_HIGH= 0x1C
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// PSP
// PSP Functions: SETUP_PSP, PSP_INPUT_FULL(), PSP_OUTPUT_FULL(),
// PSP_OVERFLOW(), INPUT_D(), OUTPUT_D()
// PSP Variables: PSP_DATA
// Constants used in SETUP_PSP() are:
#define PSP_ENABLED 0x10
#define PSP_DISABLED 0

#byte PSP_DATA= 8

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// SPI
// SPI Functions: SETUP_SPI, SPI_WRITE, SPI_READ, SPI_DATA_IN
// Constants used in SETUP_SSP() are:
#define SPI_MASTER 0x20
#define SPI_SLAVE 0x24
#define SPI_L_TO_H 0
#define SPI_H_TO_L 0x10
#define SPI_CLK_DIV_4 0
#define SPI_CLK_DIV_16 1
#define SPI_CLK_DIV_64 2
#define SPI_CLK_T2 3
#define SPI_SS_DISABLED 1

#define SPI_SAMPLE_AT_END 0x8000
#define SPI_XMIT_L_TO_H 0x4000

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// UART
// Constants used in setup_uart() are:
// FALSE - Turn UART off
// TRUE - Turn UART on
#define UART_ADDRESS 2
#define UART_DATA 4
// TRUE - Turn UART on
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// COMP
// Comparator Variables: C1OUT, C2OUT
// Constants used in setup_comparators() are:
#define A0_A3_A1_A3 0xfff04
#define A0_A3_A1_A2_OUT_ON_A4_A5 0xfcf03
#define A0_A3_A1_A3_OUT_ON_A4_A5 0xbcf05
#define NC_NC_NC_NC 0x0ff07
#define A0_A3_A1_A2 0xfff02
#define A0_A3_NC_NC_OUT_ON_A4 0x9ef01
#define A0_VR_A1_VR 0x3ff06
#define A3_VR_A2_VR 0xcff0e

#bit C1OUT = 0x9c.6
#bit C2OUT = 0x9c.7

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// VREF
// Constants used in setup_vref() are:
#define VREF_LOW 0xa0
#define VREF_HIGH 0x80
#define VREF_A2 0x40


////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ADC
// ADC Functions: SETUP_ADC(), SETUP_ADC_PORTS() (aka SETUP_PORT_A),
// SET_ADC_CHANNEL(), READ_ADC()
// Constants used in SETUP_ADC_PORTS() are:
#define NO_ANALOGS 0x86 // None
#define ALL_ANALOG 0x80 // A0 A1 A2 A3 A5 E0 E1 E2 Ref=Vdd
#define ANALOG_RA3_REF 0x81 // A0 A1 A2 A5 E0 E1 E2 Ref=A3
#define A_ANALOG 0x82 // A0 A1 A2 A3 A5 Ref=Vdd
#define A_ANALOG_RA3_REF 0x83 // A0 A1 A2 A5 Ref=A3
#define RA0_RA1_RA3_ANALOG 0x84 // A0 A1 A3 Ref=Vdd
#define RA0_RA1_ANALOG_RA3_REF 0x85 // A0 A1 Ref=A3
#define ANALOG_RA3_RA2_REF 0x88 // A0 A1 A5 E0 E1 E2 Ref=A2,A3
#define ANALOG_NOT_RE1_RE2 0x89 // A0 A1 A2 A3 A5 E0 Ref=Vdd
#define ANALOG_NOT_RE1_RE2_REF_RA3 0x8A // A0 A1 A2 A5 E0 Ref=A3
#define ANALOG_NOT_RE1_RE2_REF_RA3_RA2 0x8B // A0 A1 A5 E0 Ref=A2,A3
#define A_ANALOG_RA3_RA2_REF 0x8C // A0 A1 A5 Ref=A2,A3
#define RA0_RA1_ANALOG_RA3_RA2_REF 0x8D // A0 A1 Ref=A2,A3
#define RA0_ANALOG 0x8E // A0
#define RA0_ANALOG_RA3_RA2_REF 0x8F // A0 Ref=A2,A3
// Constants used for SETUP_ADC() are:
#define ADC_OFF 0 // ADC Off
#define ADC_CLOCK_DIV_2 1
#define ADC_CLOCK_DIV_8 0x41
#define ADC_CLOCK_DIV_32 0x81
#define ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL 0xc1 // Internal 2-6us

// Constants used in READ_ADC() are:
#define ADC_START_AND_READ 7 // This is the default if nothing is specified
#define ADC_START_ONLY 1
#define ADC_READ_ONLY 6

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// INT
// Interrupt Functions: ENABLE_INTERRUPTS(), DISABLE_INTERRUPTS(),
// EXT_INT_EDGE()
//
// Constants used in EXT_INT_EDGE() are:
#define L_TO_H 0x40
#define H_TO_L 0
// Constants used in ENABLE/DISABLE_INTERRUPTS() are:
#define GLOBAL 0x0BC0
#define INT_RTCC 0x0B20
#define INT_RB 0x0B08
#define INT_EXT 0x0B10
#define INT_AD 0x8C40
#define INT_TBE 0x8C10
#define INT_RDA 0x8C20
#define INT_TIMER1 0x8C01
#define INT_TIMER2 0x8C02
#define INT_CCP1 0x8C04
#define INT_CCP2 0x8D01
#define INT_SSP 0x8C08
#define INT_PSP 0x8C80
#define INT_BUSCOL 0x8D08
#define INT_EEPROM 0x8D10
#define INT_TIMER0 0x0B20
#define INT_COMP 0x8D40

#list
 

Check the examples that came with CCS compiler. I am sure they must be having LED blinking code.
 
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