fist u will have to decide which controller do u want to use ,
there are variety of micro controller available
but initially one uses the 8051 (at least i started with it )
then u will have to decide which language u will use to program the controller
u will have to use either c or assembly
u will need a compiler plus the programmer for it
besause u need to read the data from sensor , u will have to use the ADC ,
for this it will be better if u use the Microcontroller with the built in ADC ,
after deciding all these things , u will need a good book about the Micro controller and the comipler
then u will be able in the position of reading the data of the sensor
i use the PIC controller which have the buiilt in ADC
and CCS compiler , which has good built in function to read the Analog value