it sounds like you want to make a call on event, and i am guessing this is for a hobby project. The best approach in my opinion is not to modify the phone itself, but to build a microcontroller based circuit to interface between the phone keypad and phone pcb.
The idea would be to inject the key presses to speeddial a number with the microprocessor when the alarm is triggered. Then all you have to do is set the phone up with your number as speeddial.
The phone would be useable like normal, but when the alarm triggers it would autodial.
Assuming its only a couple of keys to autodial, the microcontroller circuit could be as simple as a couple of transistors to switch the approprate keys.