How would you know if the square waveforms low state was not at zero volts but at -5 volts? and the high logic state was at +5 volts?
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Troubleshooting examples:
how would a tech know if the
1.) low logic state was at -1 volts with a DC offset at +4VDC , logic HIGH state was at +9 volts?
2.) low logic state was at 2 volts with a DC offset at +6VDC, logic HIGH state was at +11 volts?
3.) Low logic state was at -5 volts , Logic High state was at +5 volts?
4.) Low logic state was at -3 volts, with a DC offset at +3 VDC, logic High state was at +6 volts?
How would a tech know this, since the logic LOW state is not zero volts
Where have you seen circuits or what kind of circuits have low logic states like this with DC offset or no DC offset