I don't entirely understand what you're trying to do, but to cut a long story short, if you want a normal web browser to
accept input fields, then you need to run a http server. Where you run that is up to you, but it won't work unless the server
that is to accept the input field values resides on a network somewhere (i.e. with an IP address).
USB devices are possible that act as network cards, so I guess it is "feasible" but doesn't sound particularly easy to me,
especially since that device will need configuration too (e.g. an IP address, or DHCP?) so that it is up and able to communicate.
In summary you have a USB device, but a browser ordinarily expects a network device.