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Small servo motors have onlty 3 wires: one is connected to +5V (or to +Vcc), the second is connected to 0V (GND) and the third is the controll wire which can be direcly connected to any 8051's I/O pin (with a 1kΩ-4k7 pullup) ..
How do you communicate the angle at which the servo should turn? The control wire is used to communicate the angle. The angle is determined by the duration of a pulse that is applied to the control wire. This is called Pulse Coded Modulation. The servo expects to see a pulse every 20 milliseconds (.02 seconds). The length of the pulse will determine how far the motor turns. A 1.5 millisecond pulse, for example, will make the motor turn to the 90 degree position (often called the neutral position). If the pulse is shorter than 1.5 ms, then the motor will turn the shaft to closer to 0 degress. If the pulse is longer than 1.5ms, the shaft turns closer to 180 degress.
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