If the LCD doesn't have a controler (which it probably doesn't), you'll have to generate the pixel data by some mean.
Micro-controler is really not suited for that. The only viable solution is an FPGA. An FPGA (which stand for Field Programmable Gate Array) is a class of IC that you can program (like a memory or a micro-controler), but instead of defining a program, you actually define hardware functions. I don't know of you heared about simpler programmable hardware devices, like the PAL, GAL, ... Well, FPGA is a super-boosted version of those chip.
Though, to design for FPGA, there's a lot to learn. First, you need to learn about the basic of FPGA. Then, you need to learn how to program them, i.e., the language used to define the hardware functions (such as VHDL or Verilog).
Thow, depending on the FPGA (which size you use), there are some that contain enough hardware gates that you could even create a processor in the FPGA.
An alternative to a FPGA is to use a CPLD. It stand in the middle way between simple PLD and FPGA. It can do less stuff than FPGA, but could be enough for simpler projects. If all you want to do is read from a memory and shoot the data to the LCD, then, you could use a dual-ported ram, like this:
89X51 <==> DPRAM <==> CPLD <==> LCD
CPLD also is better programmed using hardware language like VHDL or Verilog, so you don't get out of learning it