Hi,
It depends on several facts. To minimize conflicts; Use hardware I2C module if available, If your I2C is solely a software function, interrupt will simply spoil the clock signal and then data.
When you use hardware I2C module for Master, and in the middle of transmitting/receiving, if interrupt is occurred; it doesn't affects to current transmitting/receiving byte. However start of next byte will be delayed.
Use of I2C with or without interrupt will not affect much in above "hardware I2C module" scenario; but it's complicated in software-I2C.
Thank you,