I think it's not a good way to make tests with that cell, because the expected usage is with a 'heatsink' at both sides, hot and cool; otherwise hot side overheats due the accumulated heating without dissipate. Once you power up the cell with the rated current, a thin ice film will be quickly produced at its surface (taken from air humidity), which tend to isolate it thermally, changing the result from the normal operation.Q2. I didn't not exceed the max voltage 20V, and the current measured was 3.3A still far below 8.5A. What makes the thermoelectric module broken? Is it because I must always put hot object at cold side to keep this module working?
FvM has nailed it.If you have a limited heatsink, you'll notice that the cold temperature will reach a minimum and rise again when increasing the current. It's useless to go beyond this optimal operation point.
The specification sheet is an optimists wet dream
Peltier elements will be mostly damaged by exceeding the rated maximum temperature. I see that you are using a large heatsink, apparently with a fan. How did you attach the hot side to the heat sink, did you use thermal grease.
If the peltier element is actually ET-161-12-08-E, the measured I and V numbers suggest that the hot side is becoming much too hot at higher currents. This would also explain element damage.
If you have a limited heatsink, you'll notice that the cold temperature will reach a minimum and rise again when increasing the current. It's useless to go beyond this optimal operation point.
If the hot side gets too hot, the device will definitely die open circuit.
Too high a current will destroy it as well.
Do not expect to drive it to 100 watts input power input and expect to see 71 degrees temperature difference, it will never happen.
You might get that at about a 10 to 15 degree temperature differential.
Higher temperature differential, or more input power will seriously reduce efficiency.
You might get that at about a 10 to 15 degree temperature differential.
Higher temperature differential, or more input power will seriously reduce efficiency.
Notice that although its cooling like mad producing a high temperature differential, the cold side is still well above room temperature.
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