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Embedded C code conforms with general C standards.
When developing code for general purpose PC environment, direct hardware register access should be avoided except when coding the kernel. In embedded environment, there is usually no operating system available, thus the code must access hardware registers directly.
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Embedded C specifies fixed point arithmetic, named address spaces, named-register storage classes and basic I/O hardware addressing support in the C programming language, and thus provides programmers of embedded systems with the appropriate handles to address specific hardware features in the standardized portable C programming language.
Embedded C is not part of the C language as such. Rather, it is a C language extension that is the subject of a technical report by the ISO working group named "Extensions for the Programming Language C to Support Embedded Processors" . It aims to provide portability and access to common performance-increasing features of processors used in the domain of DSP and embedded processing. The Embedded C specification for fixed-point, named address spaces, and named registers gives the programmer direct access to features in the target processor, thereby significantly improving the performance of applications. The hardware I/O extension is a portability feature of Embedded C. Its goal is to allow easy porting of device-driver code between systems. In this article, we focus on the performance-improving features of Embedded C.
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