Basic dipole antenna question

[spark360z]

I'm learning about an antenna theory and have a few question.

According to the image here.





Can anybody explain what's going on in the image?

I've done lots of calculation, but still have no idea what's going on.

My question is

1. How dipole produce a loop of electric field? (How a loop of electric field are made?)

2. Why does the bigger loop of electric field produce high electric field

and lower as the loop become smaller?

3. Why does the smallest loop produce the highest magnetic field?

(Isn't loop of higher electric field produce higher magnetic field?)

Sorry for my bad English.

 

[jiripolivka]

The case is not only about the antenna; alternating electric and magnetic components create the electromagnetic wave that propagates along a line. Whenever the electric field grows, the magnetic field component diminishes, and so on.
Imagine the dipole like a thin glass tube in which a charge moves (say a small ball that can be an electron). As it moves toward the end of the dipole, the electric field grows (charge times distance) and the magnetic field diminishes. When the ball moves across the dipole center, the distance from it closes to zero and the electric field goes to zero; it the same time the magnetic field approaches its maximum. All such processes create a wave with a specific frequency. The wave propagates along a line normal to the dipole as shown in the right picture.
As the electric and magnetic field alternate in the normal plane to the line of propagation, they create the "transversal" field. To the contrary, sound as the acoustic wave is created by mass particles moving along the line of propagation; this is the "longitudinal" type of wave.

The No.3 of your question is the secret as explained above- the alternating electric and magnetic wave components in the elmag wave are not only orthogonal (normal to each other), but also orthogonal in time when the electric field comes to its maximum, the magnetic field crosses zero (intensity), and reverse.