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Agree with Volker.
Please add the stackup informations, boards materials. I hope you're working with thin substrates otherwise the vias (signal and gnd) will add lot of parasitics that may destroy the coupler performance.
I didn't mean that you have to modifty the coupler geometry, but you...
Popular errors in 2D EM simulation for newbies: consider the ports definition and boundary conditions!
My suggestion is to proceed in two step:
1. consider only the top layer, remove all the ground on top, use ideal bottom ground. Put 4 ports directly on the coupler microstrip. In this way you...
De-embedding is a post processing of measurement data, that can happen, in modern VNAs, during the measurement. If you know the S-paramenter of the network that is in between the DUT and the calibration plane, you can remove it mathematically using deembedding.
TRL is a real calibration used...
Do not confuse absolute with relative noise level. The thermal limit is -174dBm/Hz. You can reach -174 dBc/Hz using a carrier power higher than 0 dBm.
Mazz
biff44
a way I used many times is the following one.
Once you get calibrated to the input pins of your differential device, apply the equation:
**broken link removed**
and get the result.
There is a paper explaining the math behind this, I'm not able to find it now.
Easy, but not a direct...
That's a nice solution, but it's just a small extension of what you can get directly from an EVAL board from the major RF synthesizer manufacturer, ADI, Hittite, Linear, National Semi and, in some extension ST Micro.
This product are developped for cellular basestations, SDR, Microwave Links...
MEAD is the resource most used by RFICs companies to train their newcomers. I've been there, in Lausanne, many years ago and it was a good experience for me.
You should carefully take a look at the course offer, there are a lot.
I met many people from different companies, mostly competitors...
The argument is know in literature as S-parameter bisection.
There are different studies about that, google it or take a look at IEEE. The problem is about the possibility to find a single solution in closed form, that is not always guaranteed.
If you are an Agilent ADS user, there is an...
We are referring to the receiver issues, but, as in real implementation there is always some imbalance, also in TX there could be some issues due to I/Q imbalance, provided that the transmitter has I/Q path, of course.
The main drawback in transmitter is degradation of EVM (error vector...
The basic reason of the two tone measurements, both for linear (amplifiers) and nonlinear (mixer) devices is that all the signals f1, f2, 2f1-f2, 2f2-f1 are IN BAND of your circuit while using the H3 it will be probably out of band, so it will be attenuated by frequency response of the circuit...
I won't go for a math explanation, but just to get you some feeeling about it.
Try to imagine the ZIF as it is called or defined, as the IF frequency is zero. The signal is double sideband, so half of the spectrum is in the negative frequency axis both for I & Q. If there is (as it happens in...
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