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Trying to understand the symbols on the circuit

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williamchia

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Hi all,

I am trying to build this circuit but there are some symbols that i don understand. Sorry if my questions are too basic.

1. There are 4 "triangles" symbols (below R1, pH probe, D1 and R8 ). I guess these are reverse bias voltage or sth (not sure). what component should i put there?

2. What component should i put at the +5 and -5.
Is it a 5 volt power supply like LM 7805 or sth?

3. ( not in the circuit) " connect to ground", does it mean connect the wire back to the negative of the power supply?

I am a beginner in this area and have been trying to find the answers online but unsuccessful.

Thank you very much!

Regards,
William
 

William,

The triangles represent analog ground. (in this case, earth ground)

The +5 and -5 are your ±5VDC supply connections. (You will need a dual supply for this circuit).

"Connect to ground" means connect to the earth ground of the power supply.

Regards,

Pld4me
 

Hi Dear williamchia!

I have provided you a simple picture to answer your question. Two cases of your question are answered in the picture and the last one needs more explain.

If your power supply provides you Positive and Negative voltages you can use it easily, i.e. Just use a connector for Voltage '+', one for '-' and one for ground.
But if your power supply doesn't support this. you may use the diagram I provided for you.

Thanks!
 
2. The +5 volt should be connected V+ and -5 volt should be connected V- pins of LMC6001, which are current amplifiers.
Be aware that not all device can be operated on one voltage only (batery supply) and need a negative supply. Example, instead of supplying +5 and -5 volts to the device, you supply +10V to V+ pin and ground the V- pin. The device may not fuction property or out of specs.

3. ground does not necessary mean negative power supply. In the above diagram, there is a negative and positive voltage. Therefore, ground is not the negative power supply.
Ground in this case may be earth.
 

Mansour_M and Pld4me are right this case.

However, Pld4me, in many cases "connect to ground" is not "connect to earth", they are different and exist simultaneously on the same circuit.

nguyennam
 

1)The triangles represent ground
2)The +5 and -5 are your ±5VDC supply which means you need a center tap power supply.
3)"Connect to ground" means connect to the ground of the power supply ( the center tap will have three wires one of them is +ve and one is –ve and one is ground ).
 

1. triangles are ground
2. these are supplies
3. no have to connect ground of supplies to triangles which is ground...
 

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