compilers, linkers, and assemblers
1. What is Compiler ?
This generates assembly code from source files. The source files are written in a high level language like C or C++. The output are object files and doe not contain absolute addresses. For every source file, an object file is generated.
2. What is Assembler ?
About the same as for compiler, but starts at a lower level. It converts human readable machine code (instruction level) into the object file.
3. What is Linker ?
The task for the linker is to grab all object files and make one executable. It uses the object files generated by the compiler and the assembler tool together with some pregenerated libraries (for example libc, where some standard functions are defined (memcpy, malloc, printf, ...).
Because of the linker, you can call from one C-file functions that are defined in an other one. The linker will search the object files for finding the references.
4. What is Maker ?
"Make" is a tool for doing the compilation process faster. It only recompiles the files that are changed (or that depend on changed files). The first time you compile something everything is compiled, the second time, only the object is generated where the source file is changed. The link step is done for the full set of files everytime.
5. What is Decoder ?
Please be more specific on this one, it can be lots of things....
6. what is Debugger Engine ?
This is a tool for debugging the compiled code. It has possibilities to run instructions step by step, to help the programmer to find errors in the code. It can run on the target board (remote debugging) or on the host computer.