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To know better about Cognitive radio I advise you to read " Cognitive radio: Brain empowered wireless communications", an invited paper, published in IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 23, NO. 2, FEBRUARY 2005, by Simon Haykin.
And the doctoral dissertation of Joseph Mitola, entitled "Cognitive radio, An Integrated Agent Architecture for Software Defined Radio", it's available online.
Cognitive radio simply refers to "an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its surrounding environment, and uses the methodology of understanding-by-building to learn from the environment and adapt its internal states to statistical variations in the incoming RF stimuli by making
corresponding changes in certain operating parameters (e.g.,
transmit-power, carrier-frequency, and modulation strategy) in
real-time, with two primary objectives in mind:
• highly reliable communications whenever and wherever
needed;
• efficient utilization of the radio spectrum"
Quoted from Simon Hayken's paper.
It's based on SDR, software defined radio, which is the principle of making most of the radio functions "software based" rather than "hardware based", which implies using DSP's or FPGA's instead of using Application Specific IC's in Radio Transceivers. This provides flexibility in re-configuration of any transceiver. So this is how it's related to DSP.
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