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You are asking a lot of questions, much of them unrelated ( what is this ? who makes this ? what cable is used ? how to repair, etc...). You really need to make some previous researches by yoursef and try to start from a point not so trivial. It is supposed that persons here have a minimum technical background, even newbie, but not totally outsider.
The Wiki page brings a lot of useful information. For instance, the structure in the frontal area of the parabolic antenna that you overlined is called Radome, whose main purpose is to protect the dish, the reflector and the feeder of rains and dirt that may eventually sedment on the parts of the set.
Repairs to that kind of equipment requires special knowledge and test equipment (spectrum analyzer, modulation analyzers etc.) it has to be done in lab conditions.
Each dish focusses its signal along a narrow beam to another dish some distance away. They make up a 'mesh' with each tower being a node within it. The dishes point to the adjacent towers and some signals will be routed directly from one distant tower to another one through the one you can see.