MIL specs for "shock and vibe" will use such a
thing, but I do not know its proper name. The
g forces will definitely be calibrated, the military
loves them some chain-of-calibration docs
when they come to buy off the lot at source
inspection.
Third party hermetic-capable assembly & test
houses would probably have one or more, and
maybe their customer-facing Web presence
has "tool porn" pics of their equipment set.
However as far as I've seen in the semiconductor
assembly & test niche, these are -just- shakers,
no interest or ability for electrical test meanwhile.
Board / box level companies in the MIL hardware
business may be required to show -operation-
while shaking. That's a layer or two up from where
I sit.
If you wanted constant acceleration, that might
be easier - centrifuge, like. Put the thing on a
spinning platter at known RPM and distance from
the spindle? But getting the data out, could still
be a problem.
Maybe something simple and stupid like take
the head off a junk compressor piston and strap
the sample down? That would be a sinusoidal
oscillation, I imagine somebody who remembered
their undergrad physics (or was willing to crack a
book) could probably calculate the g force at
peak acceleration from RPM and stroke-length.
I bet automotive performance folks, like ones
who sell fancy connecting rods and crankshafts,
might have either web pages discussing or even
calculators for piston force on connecting rods
(might need to back out the mass to get the
acceleration, if that's put plain).
Maybe one of these works for you?