The amplifier in the datasheet for the obsolete TDA7052 has a voltage gain of about 90 and should reproduce the signal from a microphone if the mic is connected and powered properly.
The amplifier in the datasheet for the newer TDA7052A shows its DC volume control on pin 4. If pin 4 is below 0.3VDC then the amplifier is muted with no output.
If pin 4 is +1.4V to +8V then the gain is about 50 and it should reproduce the signal from a mic if the mic is connected and powered properly.
What kind of mic do you have: crystal, dynamic, 2-wires electret or 3-wires electret?
If you have an electret mic is it powered properly and did you use a coupling capacitor from it to the input of the amplifier?