Space in between atoms - how we can verify it

[Tinamuline]

Space in between atoms

I would like to know how we can verify the space / the gap in between the atoms is mostly devoid of matter or vacuum by doing an experiment.

Note: I am not talking about the structure of an atom (Rutherford experiment), I am asking the space in between the atoms. Thanks for your help.

 

[htg]

In crystalography they use X-ray diffraction to get the distances between planes characterizing the crystal structure. It gives distances between centers of atoms.
Is it what you are asking about?