some questions on patch antenna

[kartikkhurana]

hi
why a patch antenna radiates like an monopole
in cpw fed antenna how the surface waves run when ground is on same side as that of patch
regards
wht is significance of smith chart what it tells and how it helps in antenna designing or performance improvement
kartik

 

[reidintransit]

1. black magic

2. cpw antenna pattern
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijap/2008/379247/
cpw propagation
https://www.qsl.net/va3iul/Microstrip_Stripline_CPW_Design/Microstrip_Stripline_and_CPW_Design.pdf

3. good explaination of smith chart:
**broken link removed**