Normally, the smaller ones are hand operated and larger ones are human controlled but use motors.
Many of these locks are in remote locations without electrical supply, are over 100 years old and only used a few times a week. It simply wouldn't be economical to motorize them.
Technically, it would be possible if water level sensors were placed at each end and inside the lock enclosure. It would be a simple case of coordinating the gates so the enclosure level moved from the inlet side to the outlet side, whichever direction the vessel was traveling.
Brian.