Thank you all very much to all for your help!
Sorry my delay answering but there´s a ton of new info for me and i am trying to digest it all,
also sorry, maybe i should have added at first post more information,
24v-to5v converter and esp32cam are going to be put on raisers (i don't know well how they are called, i think ¿female pin headers?), i thought it would be better because as i am going to use cheap china components that i have at home, in case of fail in any of them, i want to avoid re-soldering them.
That´s also the reason because i thought putting things soldered through on the other side, as the components are raised, there shouldn't be any problem with the components protruding and touching the ones on the other side, as pointed, i know it should be a bit more difficult to solder but you can't have all.
This also looked a good solution for me because i want to have the esp32 camera and dht22 pointing downwards (to the plants) and have the i2c ports on top letting me connect the oled screen on the top without having to extend i2c cables from the bottom part, and also, let me make the board smaller and thus cheaper, and as i expect this project to be a complete fail (Hope for the best case, expect the worse case), cheaper fail is a better fail, but if still with this in mind most of you think its risky or pointless, i haven´t any problem to redesign the board, as my main interest is to learn from this project.
So with al your suggestions in mind i modified the layout.
Respecting what Andre commented:
- I use esp32cam microsd ports, because i am not planing to use it, and you are true about pull-up resistor used for DHT22, i got to at home DHT22 sensors and also DHT22 "arduino expansion modules", that come already with that on board, for convenience i will use the seconds, so i changed the 4 pins for a 3 pin header and avoided adding more components to the PCB.
- I also increased all tracks to 0.6mm (24mil) for data pins and 1mm (40 mil) for power tracks.
Respecting Klaus comment:
- It took me a bit to figure out the modifications, but i got it and with your help and some minor changes i was able to let the GND plane free of any tracks, which is i think the goal you was pointing out.
- I looked out this "decoupler capacitators" concept, where you think i should put them? they are not already integrated in the buck converters? I havent the soldering skills for SMD components, but i could savage some throught-hole cap from any old breaked electronic board, if it´s better to add it i will do it, but i try to keep the components used at bare minimum.
Respecting FvM comment:
- I added in the my design wider tracks before reading your comment, but now i don't know it was a good idea, as now there is less space between tracks, so parasitic capacitance will be also increased.
- I took 18 µm because its stated as "base copper thickness", but there is another field called "Min. processed copper thickness" which is 35 µm, i don´t understand the difference, and i still don´t know which one is the one that i should put on the calculator as the field "Cu thickness".
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PCB fabric spec page link (I am not endorsed in any way with this company, it´s just the more convenient for me, and if any moderator thinks link should be removed i have any problem with it and posting a photo or something)
Apart from the stated i also did some minor changes and the board and now it looks like this:
The only tracks that don't look good to me now are the tracks under LDD-700L, and the output of this converter, i tried to avoid using the top part of the pcb just under the converter so i put both output lines on bottom part, making me connect one of the screw terminals be connected indirectly, also i took out all tracks that where intersecting with ground plane, so i neeed to take UOR and UOT tracks directly under this converter, is this a good solution or was better before?
Thank you again all for your time and help, it´s helping me a lot to make something better and to understand better what i am doing, i hope my questions don´t annoy you.
Best Regards, Niko