Did the port become damaged by a device which extracts or forces a lot of current through it?
There is a sequence called enumeration, which starts by allowing a device to draw 130 mA (but no more). The device can negotiate with the USB protocol, to request greater Ampere draw. The total amount was raised in USB-3. It creates convenience for consumers, to charge batteries and whatnot. However we tend to get the idea it's robust. Maybe it's not so robust.
How do you use the USB ports in regard to audio? You reported a problem with the recorder, 'no sound'.
Your photograph shows two audio jacks (mic in & headphones out). Do these work okay? The pink jack has the microphone icon below it. That jack is audio in, used for recording sound. Does that go to a sound card? Do the USB ports each have a sound card? If a card is damaged then it won't help if you change USB receptacles.