You apparently forgot a rectifier diode or bridge rectifier.I made one with a single green l.e.d. in series with 100k resistor but the l.e.d. was damaged in two days
I think, charging a capacitor through a transistor or resistor doesn't reduce power dissipation compared to a simple series resistor.I'm sure it's possible, if don't want to burn so much power, to use a few transistors that connect the line and charge up a capacitor (which is parallel with the LED) and turn off when the voltage gets too high.
I think, charging a capacitor through a transistor or resistor doesn't reduce power dissipation compared to a simple series resistor.
But if one fails, the other is seriously over-volted above its reverse voltage rating and will be damaged or destroyed. This seems like a gainless risk.
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