how does the output from sensors is sensed by micro controllers

[shinysharon]

can i know how the micro controllers take the information sensed by an infrared sensor

 

[prafful]

yes dear ...we are all here to share knowledge...

generally micro controller reads input as voltage... what voltage you supply to specific pin of mcu...

and in other sensor you can use ADC pins to take input from the sensors...

 

[jayanth.devarayanadurga]

IR sensor o/p will be digital that is logic 0 or 1 and it will be represented by 0v and 5v. So, when your mcu pins are configured as digital input pin and interfeced with any digital sensor the bits coming into the pin affects the register of that port. If RB0 pin is used for IR input then the 0th bit of the PORTB register is toggled depending on 0v or 5v received. IR burst data is read serially.

 

[Tahmid]

jayanth.devarayanadurga has explained it above.

You should keep in mind that most IR receivers have a logic 'one' output when idle. So, keep that in mind.

Since the output is either a one or zero, you'll need to be able to read the state off the digital pin.

There will be some sort of timing involved that you must handle. You can do this using software loops and delays or you can use the capture (or similar) module of the microcontroller, if it has one.

The IR signals are 'decoded' according to a specific protocol. Here you can find information on the most common protocols and on IR in general: https://www.sbprojects.com/knowledge/ir/index.php

Hope this helps.
Tahmid.