Since the opamp is wrongly made inverting with a low input resistance of only 1k ohms then its gain is 300 only when fed from a source with a very low resistance. But an electret mic is not a low resistance, it is about 2.5k ohms which in series with the 1k input in your circuit causes a 300k to 3.5k divider which produces a gain of 86.
C7 cuts high frequencies and if the diode is a 60Hz rectifier then it might also cut high frequencies. All the very cheap electret mics I have seen produce excellent high frequency response and low noise.
Here is the frequency response graph of an ordinary electret mic: