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[Moved]: High power 440 KHz oscillator design

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Yes, a diode across the inductor is a typical method to absorb spikes produced when current is suddenly shut off.

Thanks. I've ordered a job lot of Darlington transistors to play with. (TIP 120) they were cheap and I want to try one as I read they are often used for switching. With the high beta value and 5A collector current, they seem ideal to be driven from my simple circuit. They won't be good for 440KHz though but should be ok at 150KHz (albeit at a reduce gain) which is a lower frequency I'm also exploring.

Sorry this is a bit off topic from my original posting but I'm having a lot of fun learning this and will probably try a MOSFET next! Once the power switching bit is working I will revisit the oscillator design - at the moment I'm using a 555 timer to generate my square wave signal source.

Thanks everybody for the help.
 

Yes, a diode across the inductor is a typical method to absorb spikes produced when current is suddenly shut off.

I have the diode connected from the collector of the transistor to ground. i.e between collector (+Ve diode end) and emitter. My inductor is between collector and +Vcc rail in a basic common emitter config. I have seen this called a 'flywheel diode'.
 

I have the diode connected from the collector of the transistor to ground. i.e between collector (+Ve diode end) and emitter. My inductor is between collector and +Vcc rail in a basic common emitter config.
Your transistor will be damaged then. The diode must be connected across the inductor, like Brad said.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flyback_diode
 

You surely don't want to connect a diode across the coil because it shorts the oscillator output voltage. The bridge drivers discussed initially are usually clamping the output voltage to the supply rails, a straightforward way to avoid switch overvoltage.
 

You surely don't want to connect a diode across the coil because it shorts the oscillator output voltage. The bridge drivers discussed initially are usually clamping the output voltage to the supply rails, a straightforwardly way to avoid switch overvoltage.

Actually at the moment I'm using positive only square wave pulses so a diode across the coil does not short my oscillator. I can see it does stop the large over voltage spikes caused by coil ringing.
I'm a bit confused because my TIP120 Darlington transistors have internal diode from collector to emitter shown in the datasheet circuit. It doesn't say anything about it in the data sheet though.

The TIP120 is not working at higher frequencies. There is no transition freq. given in the data sheet I have, but once I go above around 50 KHz the output collapses. I will try to find a MOSFET that can work at 150 KHz next.
 

Actually at the moment I'm using positive only square wave pulses so a diode across the coil does not short my oscillator. I can see it does stop the large over voltage spikes caused by coil ringing.
By nature of an inductor, average voltage across it must be zero. Thus clamping one halfwave clamps the other too as long you are intending a symmetrical waveform.
 

By nature of an inductor, average voltage across it must be zero. Thus clamping one halfwave clamps the other too as long you are intending a symmetrical waveform.

I'm hitting the coil with DC current pulses in one direction only so the diode is always reverse biased in normal operation. The diode protects against back EMF when the flux collapses at switch off. In this case the voltage spikes can be high and of reverse polarity to my pulses. The diode protects my circuit from such spikes.
 

You surely don't want to connect a diode across the coil because it shorts the oscillator output voltage. The bridge drivers discussed initially are usually clamping the output voltage to the supply rails, a straightforward way to avoid switch overvoltage.

If you look at post #20 you will see that he is using a single transistor now, not the bridge circuit, the diode across the inductor is mandatory. I do agree however that the bridge circuit (or half bridge) is better suited for this application.
 

I noticed the single transistor circuit, but I'm missing a substantial discussion of circuit operation modes and reasonable circuit design. Why no resonance capacitor is fitted at all although previous posts are lamenting about too much harmonics?

A single transistor output stage can be operated in class C with Vce swinging between 0 and double Vcc, no need for clamping diodes.
 
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    CataM

    Points: 2
    Helpful Answer Positive Rating
I noticed the single transistor circuit, but I'm missing a substantial discussion of circuit operation modes and reasonable circuit design. Why no resonance capacitor is fitted at all although previous posts are lamenting about too much harmonics?

A single transistor output stage can be operated in class C with Vce swinging between 0 and double Vcc, no need for clamping diodes.

Apologies, as I mentioned in #22 I have gone off topic now. I'm experimenting with a single transistor pulsing my coil. There is no capacitor because I use the natural resonant freq. found by trial and error. Then by increasing the current I want to determine if I can achieve sufficient coupling to another coil at around 6 inch distance. If I can achieve this, and if the current is within reasonable limits - I will design my oscillator. I don't know if this makes sense I'm kinda stumbling along here but enjoying myself on the way relearning some basic stuff.
 

You will get a ton more info by searching google for WPT and setup notification for new reports on other keywords that interest you including WPT e.g. https://www.google.com/search?num=30&client=firefox-b-ab&biw=830&bih=798&ei=_Y_SWp2dBYS9sQHKpo-QBQ&q=wpt++khz&oq=wpt++khz&gs_l=psy-ab.3...15520.15520.0.17374.1.1.0.0.0.0.118.118.0j1.1.0....0...1c..64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.C2xrJFyIz6A


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[/B][/COLOR] [URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/4/878/htm&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm3foIOKjHQOe-wAVcN_aPwvjxOHgQ&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Omnidirectional [B]Wireless Power Transfer [/B]System Based on Rotary Transmitting Coil for Household Appliances[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]G Liu, B Zhang, W Xiao, D Qiu, Y Chen, J Guan - Energies, 2018[/COLOR]
Abstract An omnidirectional magnetically coupled resonant [B]wireless power transfer [/B]
(WPT) system based on rotary transmitting coil is presented. The proposed scheme 
can ease the variations of the transfer efficiency and output power caused by the …
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/4/878/htm&rt=Omnidirectional+Wireless+Power+Transfer+System+Based+on+Rotary+Transmitting+Coil+for+Household+Appliances&scisig=AAGBfm2_M8HFb6fnUTfzccrVKtkoIXwhWQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US9929605B2/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm1IA9vsqxrN2M_Vaq2z1mirlVALNA&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"][B]Wireless power transfer [/B]device with foreign object detection, system, and method for performing the same[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]H Nakano, O Kozakai, S Komiyama, K Fujimaki - US Patent 9,929,605, 2018[/COLOR]
Abstract Methods and apparatus for detecting the presence of undesirable foreign 
matter in a region between a wireless power transmission apparatus and a power 
reception apparatus are described. First and second detection methods, based on …
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US9929605B2/en&rt=Wireless+power+transfer+device+with+foreign+object+detection,+system,+and+method+for+performing+the+same&scisig=AAGBfm35S-iBbzC30aPF9NrNzoygQqpknw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US9929605B2/en&rt=Wireless+power+transfer+device+with+foreign+object+detection,+system,+and+method+for+performing+the+same&scisig=AAGBfm35S-iBbzC30aPF9NrNzoygQqpknw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US9929605B2/en&rt=Wireless+power+transfer+device+with+foreign+object+detection,+system,+and+method+for+performing+the+same&scisig=AAGBfm35S-iBbzC30aPF9NrNzoygQqpknw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0076668.html&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm3w9WV5ym91w5Da1RHGyY7d4wJ_Nw&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"][B]WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER [/B]SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS THEREOF[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]PV Parimi, DE Senior - US Patent App. 15/701,112, 2018[/COLOR]
Abstract: The present application provides a [B]wireless power transfer [/B]system 
including a transmitter and at least one receiver, and also provides transmitters and 
receivers for such systems. The transmitter includes a driver coil and a transmitter …
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0076668.html&rt=WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSFER+SYSTEMS+AND+COMPONENTS+THEREOF&scisig=AAGBfm00tBHADWQ42q-9bs5fJ21DdcJarg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0076668.html&rt=WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSFER+SYSTEMS+AND+COMPONENTS+THEREOF&scisig=AAGBfm00tBHADWQ42q-9bs5fJ21DdcJarg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0076668.html&rt=WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSFER+SYSTEMS+AND+COMPONENTS+THEREOF&scisig=AAGBfm00tBHADWQ42q-9bs5fJ21DdcJarg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0069433.html&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm1pM9rU7aEvmLjVNJn4O-sTrFQMWQ&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"][B]WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER [/B]SYSTEM AND A WIRELESS POWER RECEIVER THEREOF[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]Y Lin, C Wang - US Patent App. 15/593,246, 2018[/COLOR]
Abstract: A [B]wireless power transfer [/B]system includes a wireless power transmitter and 
a wireless power receiver. The wireless power receiver includes: a receiver 
resonator for wirelessly receiving power from the wireless power transmitter through …
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0069433.html&rt=WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSFER+SYSTEM+AND+A+WIRELESS+POWER+RECEIVER+THEREOF&scisig=AAGBfm0zR-in53XfwlV1YOxqpW-L8N6B4Q"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0069433.html&rt=WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSFER+SYSTEM+AND+A+WIRELESS+POWER+RECEIVER+THEREOF&scisig=AAGBfm0zR-in53XfwlV1YOxqpW-L8N6B4Q"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0069433.html&rt=WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSFER+SYSTEM+AND+A+WIRELESS+POWER+RECEIVER+THEREOF&scisig=AAGBfm0zR-in53XfwlV1YOxqpW-L8N6B4Q"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0076666.html&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm3zhK5aqW7y1hRK-kpPPqm2jrTEpg&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]RECONFIGURABLE WIRELESS POWER RESONATOR[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]WH Von Novak III, S Shevde, K Burrell, J Maalouf… - US Patent App. 15/264,854, 2018[/COLOR]
… Description: TECHNICAL FIELD. The present disclosure relates generally
to [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B], and in particular to a reconfigurable wireless power
resonator. BACKGROUND. An increasing number and variety of electronic …
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0076666.html&rt=RECONFIGURABLE+WIRELESS+POWER+RESONATOR&scisig=AAGBfm1GfKSlUJbE1735pchU05_Dxp9fNQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0076666.html&rt=RECONFIGURABLE+WIRELESS+POWER+RESONATOR&scisig=AAGBfm1GfKSlUJbE1735pchU05_Dxp9fNQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0076666.html&rt=RECONFIGURABLE+WIRELESS+POWER+RESONATOR&scisig=AAGBfm1GfKSlUJbE1735pchU05_Dxp9fNQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083491A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm3XFGUcvbwK7MQMSP8rIlW8lWD8hg&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"][B]Wireless power transfer [/B]system[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]T Hosotani - US Patent App. 15/821,381, 2018[/COLOR]
Abstract A power receiving rectifier circuit is configured in series with a power 
receiving resonance mechanism. A first power receiving device has a load with a 
small equivalent resistance value, and the frequency response of a voltage gain …
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083491A1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transfer+system&scisig=AAGBfm1HBtmOVnDxTUSgaMB4UghHW7R4Ag"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083491A1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transfer+system&scisig=AAGBfm1HBtmOVnDxTUSgaMB4UghHW7R4Ag"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083491A1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transfer+system&scisig=AAGBfm1HBtmOVnDxTUSgaMB4UghHW7R4Ag"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083488A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm2DxytpUk7uJ_QPQf0Nb0pynfAErg&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Methods and apparatus for wireless power and communication transfer[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]P Menegoli - US Patent App. 15/273,546, 2018[/COLOR]
… Description. BACKGROUND Field of the Invention [0001]. The present
disclosure relates generally to [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] and communication …
[0009]. FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of a [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] system …
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083488A1/en&rt=Methods+and+apparatus+for+wireless+power+and+communication+transfer&scisig=AAGBfm0BagBY0IW40Ofcp08Jwk4kpL1nNQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083488A1/en&rt=Methods+and+apparatus+for+wireless+power+and+communication+transfer&scisig=AAGBfm0BagBY0IW40Ofcp08Jwk4kpL1nNQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083488A1/en&rt=Methods+and+apparatus+for+wireless+power+and+communication+transfer&scisig=AAGBfm0BagBY0IW40Ofcp08Jwk4kpL1nNQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083485A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm0ZPlvLtddwQToXmgvLe1f8yluJjA&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Non-contact power transfer in electronic volume correctors[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]AHS Rao, DK KN - US Patent App. 15/267,344, 2018[/COLOR]
… circuitry. [0026]. In the wireless charging system 30, which implements a non-contact
power transfer (also known as a [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B]); the transfer of power can
occur utilizing the same principal as in a transformer. That …  
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083485A1/en&rt=Non-contact+power+transfer+in+electronic+volume+correctors&scisig=AAGBfm2dP3ktpfLHKBrBbp4ypZvT5FWAMw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083485A1/en&rt=Non-contact+power+transfer+in+electronic+volume+correctors&scisig=AAGBfm2dP3ktpfLHKBrBbp4ypZvT5FWAMw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083485A1/en&rt=Non-contact+power+transfer+in+electronic+volume+correctors&scisig=AAGBfm2dP3ktpfLHKBrBbp4ypZvT5FWAMw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083487A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm10sl6PxKqx1qt-cG8cF2qCyQKq9Q&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Multimode wireless power receiver circuit[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]M Nalbant - US Patent App. 15/268,328, 2018[/COLOR]
… Further, the multiple coil phases can be connected in a way that is more
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(en), 2013-10-03, Apparatus, system, and method for back-channel …
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083487A1/en&rt=Multimode+wireless+power+receiver+circuit&scisig=AAGBfm0AFBlSP0lIhDHWw5rIynbGCzZ-lg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083487A1/en&rt=Multimode+wireless+power+receiver+circuit&scisig=AAGBfm0AFBlSP0lIhDHWw5rIynbGCzZ-lg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083487A1/en&rt=Multimode+wireless+power+receiver+circuit&scisig=AAGBfm0AFBlSP0lIhDHWw5rIynbGCzZ-lg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083490A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm3xu8N3nCzFwFuRmBOGlnsME3mmcw&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Single-Isolation Wireless Power Converter[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]IH Oh, MP Pandya, A Cherlan, BK PATEL - US Patent App. 15/711,182, 2018[/COLOR]
… In some cases, a power converter can include a [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] stage that transfers
power to the load across an air gap by inducing a current in a coil coupled to the load …
Finally, the power converter also includes a [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] stage …  
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[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083490A1/en&rt=Single-Isolation+Wireless+Power+Converter&scisig=AAGBfm0wTRYXQ056-gcdAzc8UuwaKutdPw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083490A1/en&rt=Single-Isolation+Wireless+Power+Converter&scisig=AAGBfm0wTRYXQ056-gcdAzc8UuwaKutdPw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083490A1/en&rt=Single-Isolation+Wireless+Power+Converter&scisig=AAGBfm0wTRYXQ056-gcdAzc8UuwaKutdPw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083489A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm04uRpitqpAA3MsFRjQ_d_VNzdiGQ&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Methods and apparatus for wireless power and communication transfer[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]A Govindaraj, WH Von Novak III - US Patent App. 15/273,564, 2018[/COLOR]
… Description. BACKGROUND Field of the Invention [0001]. The present disclosure relates
generally to [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] … Accordingly, to make the [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B]
most efficient, the PTU adjusts its transmit current based on the received rectified voltage …  
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083489A1/en&rt=Methods+and+apparatus+for+wireless+power+and+communication+transfer&scisig=AAGBfm2rKOclK0Omqh-_luI19a6URYhC3g"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083489A1/en&rt=Methods+and+apparatus+for+wireless+power+and+communication+transfer&scisig=AAGBfm2rKOclK0Omqh-_luI19a6URYhC3g"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083489A1/en&rt=Methods+and+apparatus+for+wireless+power+and+communication+transfer&scisig=AAGBfm2rKOclK0Omqh-_luI19a6URYhC3g"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180078329A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm2R8hLkz-xggg1uvky-JJz-_i5uQg&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Systems and methods for locating implanted wireless power transmission devices[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]JF Hansen, C Eskildsen - US Patent App. 15/709,743, 2018[/COLOR]
… [0041]. FIG. 1 illustrates a basic [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] system. [0042]. FIG.
2 illustrates magnetic coupling between a pair of coils. [0043]. FIGS. 3A and
3B illustrate the effect of coil alignment on the coupling coefficient. [0044] …
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180078329A1/en&rt=Systems+and+methods+for+locating+implanted+wireless+power+transmission+devices&scisig=AAGBfm2PdoY-sipPBUVO5HBBiBAyu77fyA"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180078329A1/en&rt=Systems+and+methods+for+locating+implanted+wireless+power+transmission+devices&scisig=AAGBfm2PdoY-sipPBUVO5HBBiBAyu77fyA"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180078329A1/en&rt=Systems+and+methods+for+locating+implanted+wireless+power+transmission+devices&scisig=AAGBfm2PdoY-sipPBUVO5HBBiBAyu77fyA"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US9935482B1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm3ZUa6RWU21srua067D4sskYLWfUQ&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Wireless power transmitters that transmit at determined times based on power availability and consumption at a receiving mobile device[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]MA Leabman, GS Brewer - US Patent 9,935,482, 2018[/COLOR]
The embodiments described herein include a transmitter that transmits a power
transmission signal (eg, radio frequency (RF) signal waves) to create a
three-dimensional pocket of energy. At least one receiver can be connected …
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US9935482B1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transmitters+that+transmit+at+determined+times+based+on+power+availability+and+consumption+at+a+receiving+mobile+device&scisig=AAGBfm380GwaesO1o5uwIaCqh_zlvlf1TQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US9935482B1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transmitters+that+transmit+at+determined+times+based+on+power+availability+and+consumption+at+a+receiving+mobile+device&scisig=AAGBfm380GwaesO1o5uwIaCqh_zlvlf1TQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US9935482B1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transmitters+that+transmit+at+determined+times+based+on+power+availability+and+consumption+at+a+receiving+mobile+device&scisig=AAGBfm380GwaesO1o5uwIaCqh_zlvlf1TQ"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/USD814432S1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm3eKNnnx6TJzQkKbYtTEAkoSB209g&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Resonator coil[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]YX Yeng - US Patent App. 29/554,188, 2018[/COLOR]
… US20120091794A1 (en), 2008-09-27, 2012-04-19, Campanella Andrew J, Wirelessly
powered laptop and desktop environment. US20120091820A1 (en), 2008-09-27,
2012-04-19, Campanella Andrew J, [B]Wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] within a circuit breaker …  
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/USD814432S1/en&rt=Resonator+coil&scisig=AAGBfm1knxGXdnn7qmxe8uYJZpLDAc0LGg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/USD814432S1/en&rt=Resonator+coil&scisig=AAGBfm1knxGXdnn7qmxe8uYJZpLDAc0LGg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/USD814432S1/en&rt=Resonator+coil&scisig=AAGBfm1knxGXdnn7qmxe8uYJZpLDAc0LGg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0069434.html&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm0SZFZ6zKlcaDj28awq3iJQvngyzQ&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]FILTER CIRCUIT AND WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]K Hasegawa - US Patent App. 15/695,676, 2018[/COLOR]
… equivalent range. Previous Patent: [B]WIRELESS[/B] [B]POWER[/B] [B]TRANSFER[/B] SYSTEM AND
A WIRELESS POWER RECEIVER THEREOF Next Patent: POWER TRANSMISSION
DEVICE AND WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM …  
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0069434.html&rt=FILTER+CIRCUIT+AND+WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSMISSION+SYSTEM&scisig=AAGBfm19QcWOaZv9NCFmVwHtFRAf4OIKqg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0069434.html&rt=FILTER+CIRCUIT+AND+WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSMISSION+SYSTEM&scisig=AAGBfm19QcWOaZv9NCFmVwHtFRAf4OIKqg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2018/0069434.html&rt=FILTER+CIRCUIT+AND+WIRELESS+POWER+TRANSMISSION+SYSTEM&scisig=AAGBfm19QcWOaZv9NCFmVwHtFRAf4OIKqg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083669A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm3CSOHr1cUWju-6aefAZUOElwOIZQ&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Wireless power transmitter and method of controlling the same[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]IW Jeong, YW Choi, SJ Kim - US Patent App. 15/686,367, 2018[/COLOR]
A wireless power transmitter includes a switch circuit including switches
connected to a transmission resonator; a current detector configured to detect
a transient current induced in the transmission resonator; and a controller …
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083669A1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transmitter+and+method+of+controlling+the+same&scisig=AAGBfm3HEddlwjKVJqcKIQcSerd1_nPv4w"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083669A1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transmitter+and+method+of+controlling+the+same&scisig=AAGBfm3HEddlwjKVJqcKIQcSerd1_nPv4w"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083669A1/en&rt=Wireless+power+transmitter+and+method+of+controlling+the+same&scisig=AAGBfm3HEddlwjKVJqcKIQcSerd1_nPv4w"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083475A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm1G3ciCqjhniO1Tx1L-2KoOwsGA4A&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Charging device having small loop transmission coils for wireless charging a target device[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]Y Liu, J Chen - US Patent App. 15/270,681, 2018[/COLOR]
A charging device to wirelessly charge a target device, including: a coil antenna
having a first surface facing a first direction at which the target device is placed
for charging and a second surface facing an opposite direction from the first …
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083475A1/en&rt=Charging+device+having+small+loop+transmission+coils+for+wireless+charging+a+target+device&scisig=AAGBfm2U4kP6upzHYqIYnMbOV9SHuGjrAg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083475A1/en&rt=Charging+device+having+small+loop+transmission+coils+for+wireless+charging+a+target+device&scisig=AAGBfm2U4kP6upzHYqIYnMbOV9SHuGjrAg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083475A1/en&rt=Charging+device+having+small+loop+transmission+coils+for+wireless+charging+a+target+device&scisig=AAGBfm2U4kP6upzHYqIYnMbOV9SHuGjrAg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083484A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm1Agx6EIAX_tsqTq2U7h4vZ-3QaFA&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Receiver electrodes of a capacitive wireless powering system[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]E Waffenschmidt, CTHF Liedenbaum, A Sempel… - US Patent App. 15/825,260, 2018[/COLOR]
… large area. [0003]. A [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] refers to the supply of electrical power
without any wires or contacts, whereby the powering of electronic devices is
performed through a wireless medium. One popular application …  
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083484A1/en&rt=Receiver+electrodes+of+a+capacitive+wireless+powering+system&scisig=AAGBfm1mlT1QgmGzObcWcfEJFF-bMexCLw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083484A1/en&rt=Receiver+electrodes+of+a+capacitive+wireless+powering+system&scisig=AAGBfm1mlT1QgmGzObcWcfEJFF-bMexCLw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083484A1/en&rt=Receiver+electrodes+of+a+capacitive+wireless+powering+system&scisig=AAGBfm1mlT1QgmGzObcWcfEJFF-bMexCLw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[/TR]
[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180078852A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm22iKbu_rjmVFkesEvasJ8EmCy0DA&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Portable Entertainment System[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]F Maldonado - US Patent App. 15/268,236, 2018[/COLOR]
… [0043]. The base power system 15 is split into two sub components, namely a power
unit 151 and a [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] unit 152 … The [B]wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] unit 152
is housed in the frame 11, next to the controller dock 13 …  
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180078852A1/en&rt=Portable+Entertainment+System&scisig=AAGBfm0Vl6bXHiFb7l5wWVbmIvNtyekIbw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180078852A1/en&rt=Portable+Entertainment+System&scisig=AAGBfm0Vl6bXHiFb7l5wWVbmIvNtyekIbw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180078852A1/en&rt=Portable+Entertainment+System&scisig=AAGBfm0Vl6bXHiFb7l5wWVbmIvNtyekIbw"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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[/TABLE]


[h=3][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_url?url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083492A1/en&hl=en&sa=X&scisig=AAGBfm0MYEQJz4iXDLPFfHEblBmx6nYCcQ&nossl=1&oi=scholaralrt"]Energy transmission apparatus and method[/URL][/h][COLOR=#006621]SH Bae, KM Lee - US Patent App. 15/824,683, 2018[/COLOR]
… KR10-2010-0095456, 2010-09-30, KR20100095456A KR20120033758A
(en), 2010-09-30, 2010-09-30, [B]Wireless[/B] [B]power[/B] [B]transfer[/B] system using
electromagnetic field resonator … US20090284227A1 (en), 2009-11-19 …
[TABLE]
[TR]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=gp&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083492A1/en&rt=Energy+transmission+apparatus+and+method&scisig=AAGBfm2xxLF0MAaD_M678syawgmZEfojBg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/gp-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=fb&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083492A1/en&rt=Energy+transmission+apparatus+and+method&scisig=AAGBfm2xxLF0MAaD_M678syawgmZEfojBg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/fb-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
[TD][URL="https://scholar.google.ca/scholar_share?hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&ss=tw&url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US20180083492A1/en&rt=Energy+transmission+apparatus+and+method&scisig=AAGBfm2xxLF0MAaD_M678syawgmZEfojBg"][IMG]https://scholar.google.ca/intl/en/scholar/images/1x/tw-32.png[/IMG][/URL][/TD]
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