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what is seperation of grounds?

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Whenever we say that there should be separate grounds between the power circuit and control circuit we connect an optocoupler between power the driving controller and the driven MOSFETs (lets say we are driving MOSFETs) but both the grounds (the ground for power electronic circuit and control circuit) remain same, then how we have separated the grounds.

Secondly, if we seperate the grounds of control circuit and power electronic circuit then on what convention the potential will be considered as voltage measured is the potential difference between two points.
 

If you have a circuit that is dealing with many amps of current or a lot of high frequencies then its return line to earth may have a some voltage on it either due to its resistance or its inductance. If this earth line is also used for a control signal, these spurious voltages might be injected into the control circuits and cause problems.
Frank
 

How the resistance and inductance are suppose to influence the ground when ground is just a reference? If it can change the potential at ground it can definately change potentials at other points also.

Also the optocouplers used to seperate grounds use same grounds on both side of it, then how it prevents the spurious voltages?
 

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