Making liquid solution with known permitivity, conductivity?

making conductivity standards

Hi all

How to make a liquid solution with known permitivity, permeability and conductivity at cerntain frequencies. Is there any recipe for this purpose?


Thanks

Aaron

saline solution conductivity

To start with a simple thing, permeability is most likely equal down to to your achievable measurement resolution for all liquids of interest. You get frequency independant µr=1. But I guess, you already know.

Regarding permitivity and conductivity, you have profound refernce books as Handbook of Chemistry and Physics that have quite a lot tables with dielectric properties of various organic and anorganic liquids. Also resources as the Nist webbook should have information. https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/Some liquids mentioned in the said resources are suited e.g. as a conductivity standard. Frequency dependant behaviour of ionic liquids tends to be a boundless topic, I fear.

If you intend simple, reproducable standards, aqueous saline solutions are a candidate for low frequency conductivity, and non-polar organic liquids for permitivity.

how do you make a conductivity solution?

Thanks FvM

Are you saying this is a research topic?

Aaron

conductivity solution recipe

It can be, because of the complex relations when discussing frequency dependance. If you are looking for something simple, than you should choose chemically pure compounds or simple mixtures with well defined dielectric properties and low frequency dependance.

Most literature is about describing the properties of an empirical existing liquid, e.g. sea-water at a known salinity and temperature. Making a standard or reference liquid is something different. As far as I remember, standard solutions exist for technical conductivity measurements.