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Which processors are better: AMD or INTEL?

AMD V/S INTEL

  • AMD

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  • INTEL

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joe1986

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guys let's make our opinion's heared which one do you think is the best

AMD or INTEL.......................????
 

Re: AMD V/S INTEL

what makes INTEL superior than AMD??
 

Re: AMD V/S INTEL

mass production.. more ranges.. and by making more options available for the choice for users.

technological:
1. hist sinking prob is more in AMDA.
2. hardware rugged ness is less in AMDA.

but still some advantages bcoz i, myself using AMDA turioun 64x processor....!!!!
 

Re: AMD V/S INTEL

intel has the advantage but it's practical to buy amd becaus it's cheaper.
 

Re: AMD V/S INTEL

The Pentium 4 and the Athlon started the most aggressive phase of the Intel/AMD CPU wars. From the year 2000 and continuing to today, Intel and AMD fight to bring out new CPUs with an almost alarming frequency,


AMD Athlon Thunderbird

AMD’s first major improvement to the Athlon CPU was codenamed Thun- derbird The Thunderbird Athlon marked AMD’s return to a PGA package with the adoption of the proprietary 462-pin socket called Socket A.

The change between the Classic and the Thunder-
bird wasn’t just cosmetic. Thunderbird had an interest-
ing double-pumped frontside bus that doubled the data
rate without increasing the clock speed. Athlon Thun-
derbird CPUs have a smaller but far more powerful
L2 cache, as well as a number of other minor
improvements.

AMD Thunderbird Athlon CPUs

¦ Process: 180 nm

¦ Watts: 38–75

¦ External speed range: 100–133 MHz
(double-pumped)

¦ Internal speed range: 650 MHz–1.4 GHz

¦ Multiplier range: 6.5×–14×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 256 KB

¦ Package: PGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket A

AMD Duron

Duron is the generic name given to lower-end CPUs based on the Athlon
processor. Basically an Athlon with a smaller cache, the Duron supported
the same 200-MHz frontside bus as the Athlon, giving it a slight edge over
the Celeron. The Duron connected to the same 462-pin Socket A as the later
Athlon CPUs

AMD Duron CPUs

¦ Process: 180 nm

¦ Watts: 21–57

¦ External speed range: 100 MHz (double-pumped)

¦ Internal speed range: 600 MHz–1.8 GHz

¦ Multiplier range: 6×–13.5×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 64 KB

¦ L3 cache: No

¦ Package: PGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket A


Intel Pentium 4 Willamette


While the Pentium II and III were little more than improvements on the IntelPentium Pro, the Pentium 4 introduced a completely redesigned core, called
NetBurst. NetBurst centered around a totally new 20-stage pipeline com- bined with other features to support this huge pipeline. Each stage of the pipeline performed fewer operations than typical pipeline stages in earlier processors, which enabled Intel to crank up the clock speed for the Pentium 4 CPUs. The first Pentium 4s included a new version of SSE called SSE2, and later versions introduced SSE3. The Pentium 4 achieved a 400-MHz frontside bus speed—twice Athlon’s 200 MHz—by using four data transfers per clock cycle on a 100-MHz bus. Intel used this same quad-pumped frontside bus technology on a 133-MHz bus to achieve a 533-MHz frontside bus. There were two packages of early Pentium 4 CPUs. The first Pentium 4 CPUs came in a 423-pin PGA package and had a 256-KB L2 cache. These were replaced by the 512-KB L2 cache Pentium 4 with a 478-pin PGA pack- age . Even though the new package has more pins, it is consid- erably smaller than the earlier package.

Intel Pentium 4 Willamette CPUs

¦ Process: 180 nm

¦ Watts: 49–100

¦ External speed range 100 MHz, 133 MHZ (quad-pumped)

¦ Internal speed range: 1.3–2.0 GHz

¦ Multiplier range: 13×–20×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 256 KB

¦ Package: 423-pin PGA, 478-pin PGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket 423, Socket 478


Intel Pentium 4 CPUs

¦ Process: 130 nm (Northwood), 90 nm (Prescott), 65 nm (Cedar Mill)

¦ Watts: 45–68 (Northwood), ~84 (Prescott), 86 (Cedar Mill)

¦ External speed range: 100 MHz (quad-pumped), 133 MHz
(quad-pumped), 200 MHz (quad-pumped)

¦ Internal speed range: 1.3–3.80 GHz

¦ Multiplier range: 13×–23×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 256 KB, 512 KB

¦ Package: 478-pin PGA, 775-pin LGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket 478, Socket LGA 775


AMD Athlon XP (Thorton and Barton)

The Athlon XP Thorton and Barton CPUs were the last generation of 32-bit
Athlon XPs and the last to use the 462-pin PGA package. The only major dif-
ference between the two was the L2 cache. The Thorton had a 256-KB cache
whereas the Barton had a 512-KB cache. Using a 130-nm process, AMD
could produce faster CPUs without any real increase in wattage. Later ver-
sions of each processor increased the frontside bus to 200 MHz
(double-pumped).
AMD Athlon XP CPUs

¦ Process: 130 nm

¦ Watts: 60–70

¦ External speed range: 133 MHz, 166 MHz, 200 MHz
(double-pumped)

¦ Internal speed range: 1.6 GHz (2000+)–2.2 GHz (3100+)

¦ Multiplier range: 10×–16×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 256 KB (Thorton), 512 KB (Barton)

¦ Package: 462-pin PGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket A

After the Barton Athlon XPs, AMD stopped making 32-bit processors,
concentrating exclusively on 64-bit. Intel, on the other hand, continued to
make 32-bit processors.


Pentium 4 Extreme Edition

The Pentium 4 Extreme Edition was designed to place Intel at the top of the
CPU performance curve. The Extreme Edition CPUs used a Socket 478 or
LGA 775 package, making them identical to other Pentium 4s, but packed
some powerful features. Most interesting was the 2-MB L3 cache—the only
non-server CPU to carry an L3 cache. The Pentium 4 Extreme Edition also
had some of the highest wattages ever recorded on any Intel desktop
CPU—over 110 watts! Extreme Edition CPUs ran incredibly fast, but their high price kept them from making any significant impact on the market.

Pentium 4 Extreme Edition

¦ Process: 130 and 90 nm

¦ Watts: 85–115

¦ External speed range: 200 MHz (quad-pumped), 266 MHz
(quad-pumped)

¦ Internal speed range: 3.2 GHz–3.7 GHz

¦ Multiplier range: 14×–17×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 512 KB

¦ L3 cache 2 MB

¦ Package: 478-pin PGA, 775-pin LGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket 478, Socket LGA-775


I'LL CONTINUE LATER TIRED OF COMPAREING COME ON EXPERT'S I THNK U'LL CAN CONTINUE
 

Re: AMD V/S INTEL

Mobile Processors

The inside of a laptop PC is a cramped, hot environment, where no self-respecting CPU should ever need to operate. Since the mid-1980s, CPU manufacturers have endeavored to make specialized versions of their pro- cessors to function in the rugged world of laptops. These are calleD mobile processors . Over the years, a number of CPU laptop solutions have ap- peared. Virtually every CPU made by Intel or AMD has come in a mobile version. You can usually tell a mobile version by the word “mobile” or the letter “M” in its name. Here are a few examples:

¦ Mobile Intel Pentium III

¦ Intel Pentium M

¦ Mobile AMD Athlon 64

¦ AMD Turion 64 (All Turions are mobile processors, but don’t say “mobile” or “M” in their name. AMD usually adds “mobile technology” as part of the Turion description.)

A mobile processor uses less power than an equivalent desktop model.
bile solutions including a mobile .This provides two advantages. First, it enables the battery in the laptop to processor, support chips, and last longer. Second, it makes the CPU run cooler, and the cooler the CPU, the wireless networking. There is no Centrino CPU, only Centrino so-lutions that include some type of cooling devices you need.
Almost every mobile processor today runs at a lower voltage than the
Intel mobile CPU. Fewer desktop version of the same CPU. As a result, most mobile CPUs also run at lower speeds—it takes juice if you want the speed! Mobile CPUs usually top out at about 75 percent of the speed of the same CPU’s desktop version. Reducing voltage is a good first step, but making a smart CPU that can
use less power in low-demand situations will reduce power usage even more. The first manifestation of this was the classic System Management Mode (SMM) . Introduced back in the times of the Intel 80386 processor,
SMM provided the CPU with the capability to turn off devices that use a lot of power, such as the monitor or the hard drives. Although originally
designed just for laptops, SMM has been replaced with more advanced
power management functions that are now built into all AMD and Intel
CPUs.
CPU makers have taken power reduction one step further with
throttling —the capability of modern CPUs to slow themselves down
during low demand times or if the CPU detects that it is getting too hot.
Intel’s version of throttling is called SpeedStep, while AMD’s version is
known as PowerNow!


Intel Xeon Processors

Just as the term Celeron describes a series of lower-end processors built
around the Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4, the term Xeon (pro-
nounced “Zee-on”) defines a series of high-end processors built around the
Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4. Xeon CPUs built on the Pentium II
and III core processors via the addition of massive L2 caches, but their
strength comes from strong multiprocessor support. Both the Pentium II
Xeon and the Pentium III Xeon used a unique SEC package that snapped
into a Xeon-only slot called Slot 2 (Figure 3.55). In general, people buy Xeons
because they want to run a system with more than one processor. Most
modern CPUs can run with one other identical CPU, but putting together
two CPUs that were never designed to work together requires an incredibly
complex MCC. Xeon processors, on the other hand, are carefully designed
to work together in sets of two, four, or even eight CPUs. Although very ex-
pensive, their immense power lets them enjoy broad popularity in the
high-horsepower world of server systems.
The Pentium 4 Xeon is quite a different beast from the previous Xeon
types. First, the Pentium 4 Xeon’s caches are smaller than other Xeons; ad-
vancements in pipelining make anything larger less valuable. Second, Intel
sells two lines of Pentium 4 Xeons. One line, simply called the Pentium 4
Xeon, is for single or dual processor systems; and the second line, called the
Pentium 4 Xeon MP, is for four or eight multiprocessor systems. Last, Intel
went back to the PGA package with the Pentium 4 Xeons, a Xeon-only
603-pin package.


Early 64-Bit CPUs

Both AMD and Intel currently produce the newest thing in microprocessing: 64-bit CPUs. A 64-bit CPU has general-purpose, floating point, and address registers that are 64 bits wide, meaning they can handle 64-bit-wide code in one pass—twice as wide as a 32-bit processor. And, they can address much, much more memory. With the 32-bit address bus of the Pentium and later CPUs, the maxi- mum amount of memory the CPU can address is 4,294,967,296 bytes.

With a 64-bit address bus, CPUs can address precisely, 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 bytes of memory—that’s a lot of RAM!
This number is so big that gigabytes and terabytes are no longer conve-nient, so we now go to an exabyte. A 64-bit address bus can address 16 exabytes of RAM. No 64-bit CPU uses an actual 64-bit address bus. Right now, the most
RAM anybody uses is 4 GB, so there’s not much motivation for creating a CPU or a motherboard that can handle and hold 16 EB. Every 64-bit proces- sor gets its address bus “clipped” down to something reasonable. The Intel Itanium, for example, only has a 44-bit address bus for a maximum address 44 space of 2 , or 17,592,186,044,416 bytes. Initially, both AMD and Intel raced ahead with competing 64-bit proces- sors. Interestingly, they took very different paths. Let’s look at the two CPUs that made the first wave of 64-bit processing: the Intel Itanium and the AMD Opteron.


Intel Itanium (Original and Itanium 2)

Intel made the first strike into the 64-bit world for PCs with the Itanium CPU. The Itanium was more of a proof of concept product than one that was going to make Intel any money, but it paved the way for subsequent 64-bit processors. The Itanium had a unique 418-pin pin array cartridge (PAC) to help house its 2- or 4-MB Level 3 cache.

The Intel Itanium 2 was Intel’s first serious foray into the 64-bit world.
To describe the Itanium 2 simply in terms of bus sizes and clock speeds is
unfair. The power of this processor goes far deeper. Massive pipelines, high
speed caching, and literally hundreds of other improvements make the
Itanium 2 a powerful CPU for high-end PCs. The Itanium 2 uses a unique
form of PGA that Intel calls organic land grid array (OLGA). See Figure 3.58.
Intel Itanium 2

¦ Physical address: 50 bits

¦ Frontside bus width: 128 bit

¦ External speed range: 100 MHz (quad-pumped)

¦ Internal speed range: 900 MHz, 1 GHz

¦ Watts: 90–100

¦ Multiplier range: 9×–10×

¦ L1 cache: 32 KB

¦ L2 cache: 256 KB

¦ L3 cache: 1.5 MB, 3 MB

¦ Package: OLGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket 611

Intel made a bold move with the Itanium and the Itanium 2 by not mak- ing them backward compatible to 32-bit programming. In other words, every OS, every application, and every driver of every device has to be rewritten to work on the Itanium and Itanium 2. In theory, developers would create excellent new applications and devices that dump all the old stuff (and problems) and thus would be more efficient and streamlined. If a company has a lot invested in 32-bit applications and can’t make the jump to 64-bit, Intel continues to offer the Pentium 4 or Pentium Xeon. If you need 64-bit, get an Itanium 2. AMD didn’t agree with Intel and made 64-bit pro- cessors that also ran 32-bit when needed. Intel would eventually follow AMD in this decision.


AMD Opteron

Coming in after the Itanium, AMD’s Opteron doesn’t try to take on the
Itanium head to head. Instead, AMD presents the Opteron as the lower-end
64-bit CPU. But don’t let the moniker “lower-end” fool you. Although the Opteron borrowed heavily from the Athlon, it included an I/O data path known as HyperTransport. Think of HyperTransport as a built-in memory controller chip, providing direct connection to other parts of the PC—and to other CPUs for multiprocessing—at a blistering speed of over 6 GB per sec-ond! The Opteron comes in a micro-PGA package, looking remarkably like a Pentium 4

AMD Opteron CPUs

¦ Physical address: 40 bits

¦ Frontside bus width: 128 bit

¦ External speed range: 6.4 GHz (HyperTransport)

¦ Internal speed range: 1.4–1.8 GHz

¦ Watts: 82–103

¦ Multiplier range: 14×–20×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 1 MB

¦ Package: micro-PGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket 940

Unlike the Itanium, the Opteron runs both 32-bit and 64-biT code. AMD gives customers the choice to move slowly into 64-bit without purchasing new equipment. This was the crucial difference
between AMD and Intel in the early days of 64-bit processing.
Intel and AMD pitch the Itanium 2 and Opteron CPUs at the server mar-
ket. This means that as a CompTIA A+ tech, you won’t see them unless you
go to work for a company that has massive computer needs. Newer CPUs
from both companies fight for the desktop dollar.

Athlon 64

It’s hardly fair to place the Athlon 64 with the early generation CPUs. The
Athlon 64 was the first for-the-desktop 64-bit processor, so in that aspect it is
an early 64-bit CPU. Through careful evolution it continues on as AMD’s
top-of-the-line desktop CPU offering (Figure 3.60). AMD makes two lines of
Athlon CPUs: the “regular” Athlon 64 and the Athlon 64 FX series. The FX
series runs faster than the regular Athlon 64 CPUs, uses more wattage, and
is marketed to the power users who are willing to pay a premium. Under-
neath those two lines, AMD has almost 20 sublines of Athlon 64 CPUs in dif-
ferent codenames, making the act of listing all of them here unwieldy. To
simplify, let’s just break down all Athlon 64 CPUs into two groups based on the processes used in all Athlon 64 CPUs to date: 130 nm and 90 nm.
The Athlon 64 CPUs have a number of enhancements beyond simply mov- ing into the 64-bit world. The most fascinating is the inclusion of memory Speed
controller into the CPU, eliminating the need for an external MCC and for all Although the Athlon 64 may not intents also eliminating the idea of the frontside bus! The RAM directly con-nects to the Athlon 64 does have a true frontside bus.
The Socket 754 and 939 Athlon 64 CPUs support DDR have a system clock that runs at RAM; the Socket AM2 CPUs support DDR2. All Athlon 64 CPUs support 200 MHz to talk to RAM. This is Intel’s SSE and SSE2 graphics extensions (later versions support SSE3).still multiplied to get the internal The various mobile Athlon 64 processors offer AMD PowerNow! tech- nology to reduce the wattage used and to extend the battery life in portable
PCs. The two models to date are the Mobile AMD Athlon 64 processor and
the AMD Athlon 64 for DTR. DTR stands for desktop replacement, the highest
of the high end in portable PCs.
While regular Athlon 64 processors use the AMD PR numbers to describe
CPUs, Athlon 64 FX processors uses a two-digit model number that’s just as
cryptic as Intel’s current three-digit numbers.
AMD Athlon 64 130-nm CPUs

¦ Watts: 89

¦ Physical address: 40 bits

¦ External speed range: 200 MHz (System clock)

¦ Internal speed range (Regular): 1.8 (2800+)–2.4 (4000+)
GHz

¦ Internal speed range (FX): 2.2 (FX-51)–2.6 (FX-55) GHz

¦ Multiplier range: 14×–20×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 512 KB, 1 MB

¦ Package: micro-PGA

¦ Socket(s) used (Regular): Socket 754, Socket 939

¦ Socket(s) used (FX): Socket 940, Socket 939


AMD Athlon 64 90-nm CPUs

¦ Watts: 67

¦ Physical address: 40 bits

¦ External speed range: 200 MHz (System clock)

¦ Internal speed range (Regular): 1.8 (3000+)–2.4 (4000+) GHz

¦ Internal speed range (FX): 2.6 (FX-51)–2.8 (FX-57) GHz

¦ Multiplier range: 9×–12×


¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 512 KB, 1 MB

¦ Package: micro-PGA

¦ Socket(s) used (Regular and FX): Socket 754, Socket 939, Socket AM2


AMD Sempron CPUs

AMD produces various Sempron CPUs for the low end of the market. Semprons come in two socket sizes and have less cache than the Athlon 64,
but offer a reasonable trade-off between price and performance.


AMD Sempron CPUs

¦ Watts: 35–62

¦ Physical address: 40 bits

¦ External speed range: 200 MHz (double-pumped)

¦ Internal speed range: 1600–2000 MHz

¦ Multiplier range: 8×–10×

¦ L1 cache: 128 KB

¦ L2 cache: 128 KB, 256 KB

¦ Package: micro-PGA

¦ Socket(s) used: Socket 754, Socket AM2

Added after 45 seconds:

I'LL COME WITH MORE.............GT TIRED BORED AGAIN!!!
 

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