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4 feeds is use to obtain good axial ratio, phase center stability, rad. pattern in hemisphere, because it is GNSS antenna (f1~1230 MHz, f2=1560 MHz). Below the power and efficiency vs frequency is presented.
1 port is excited:
4 ports are excited:
«power outgoing all ports» contains...
There is four fed patch for circular pol (see Attachments) simulated in CST. When 1 port is excited the S31 is about -4dB, S21=S41=-13dB, S11=-15dB. It means that total efficiency of antenna is less than 60%, because ~40% of power return to the port 3. When all ports simultaneous excitation are...
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