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perturbation is important to realize controlling of a circuit. it is important while doing fourier analysis... in example, we rectify an ac voltage, the output is composed of two components.first is dc component.other one is the ripple.we can call that ripple as perturbation.
what's smith chart
in communication electronic circuits you use smith chart. at very high frequencies(gigahz), a short circuit or an open circuit act as if they are capacitors or inductors.lengths of those short and open circuits must be calculated.using smithchart, you can realize this.as...
CMOS switches
for small signals, you can realize switching by using switching transistors and MOSFETs. for power applications(high voltage and current), you can use MOSFET, IGBT(insulated gate bipolar transistor),thyristor, GTO(gate turn off thyristor).you drive the device by controlling the...
hello people first i thank people who helped me to solve my problem.i overcome the problem by replacing a P-type mosfet instead of an N-type. so why did you suggest me to do that?what is the reason?for the N-type, we control the source voltage which is our the output.but for the P-type, source...
Firstly, thank you for your interest...
Yes i can generate voltages smaller than 5V.if i make the load resistance be higher, than i can generate higher voltages(i can get the 12v output which is my input when the load is in megaohms)
it is N-channel MOSFET. i didn't tried any P-type.
the Load...
hello all, here is my project. i am designing a buck regulator which steps 12v input-dc down to 5v. i built my control circuit using an IC555 and an OPAMP as comparator. my problem is that, i can observe output voltage between 0 and 5V(in my control circuit, i change the control voltage). i...
i want to get a negative supply from a positive.below circuit fails when i connect the output to an opamp.why could it be? anyone having an opinion, a suggestion? thanx...
ua741 as comparator
so can someone help me? i use ompamp as comparator for pwm. i compare the 555's triangular wave with a dc control voltage. and the output of the comparator drives the mosfet. switching frquency is about 20khz.is that frquency is too high for the opamp?for example,how about...
of course it's better to design a buck converter.you should use a mosfet or an igbt to switching in high frquencies.and you choose the values of L,C and load resistance so that you get the current and power you need in the output.
you can learn electronics by through building circuits of course you also should read and learn about the circuit you build.operations of materials should be learned
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