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There are two different protocols used in VOiP, ie ,SIP and H.323.
SIP(SessionInitiation Protocol) is thus, not different from VOIP.
In SIP, the caller can track a callee even if the callee is not using the same terminal or the callee's IP address keeps changing because of the use of DHCP server.
The caller and the callee both are registered with a "REGISTRAR SERVER".
IF the callee is not present when a call is placed to him, the registar server of the caller consults a proxy server by giving the recipient's mail address.
The proxy server broadcasts the request t all the registrar servers and the one with whom the callee is registered replies back with the callee's current IP address.Thus the caller gets the callee's IP address.
SIP is very flexible.It can use several types of addresses to make calls such as e-mail address,phone no. , IP address and others,but these must be in the SIP format.
SIP is a signaling protocol used for VOIP, ie. it's used to establish a phone call, so one can say SIP is to VOIP what SS7 is to PSTN.
There are a few signaling protocols developed by different bodies SIP is developed by the IETF (the body that develops the internet standards) and the h32x family (h323 is for voice over ethernet with no QOS) developed by the ITU (use to be known as CCITT ) (the body that develops the telecommunication standards)
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