How billions of transistors are placed inside an IC

[SanjayKKK]

I have been readin VLSI design process.. etching, photo-resist etc etc...

I wonder how is it possible to construct such minuscule wafers, masks, or apply UV rays on that small portion of semiconductor..

Certainly its should be done by a computer, which should have a micrscope attached to it, but then, how does it place the wafers etc in the exact position..
How can a computer place to that degree of accuracy.. Are really computers that smart? or is there any trick behind how its done??

 

[keith1200rs]

Have a search for information on the internet.

**broken link removed**

Keith.

 

[yadavvlsi]

Yes, most of thing VLSI fabrication facilities are fully automated and controlled by computer. Fabrication is multidisciplinary field it involves physics, chemistry, mechanics and a lot more.. UV light is focused on full wafer not on a small portion. See how Photolithography is done. Accurate positioning involves a lot physics rather than 'trick'. This uses reverse piezoelectric effect. Here are few videos that help you understand chip manufacturing process. There are lot of such videos available on youtube.

chip manufacturing process - YouTube
From Sand to Chip - How a CPU is Made - AMD Factory - YouTube
How the Intel Processor is Made - YouTube

 

[SanjayKKK]

Thanks keith, yadav.. Really amazing to see how its made..

 

[moataz fouad]

Dear SanjayKKK,
Check the following link and the other videos on the right:
Silicon Run I - YouTube
Best regards.