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Procedural Assignment error (verilog )

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vead

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hello ,

when i compile code I am getting following error
line if (ld==1) q4 <= d4;

Error (10137): Verilog HDL Procedural Assignment error at core_v.v(70): object "q4" on left-hand side of assignment must have a variable data type
Code: 
module core_v(clk,ld,d0, q0,d1,d2,q1,q2,a,b,z,sel,d,q,d3,q3,d4,q4 );

input clk;
input ld;
reg [3:0] q0;
reg [3:0] q1;
reg [3:0] q2;
reg [3:0] z;

  

//add r0
core_v core_vr0 ( d0, q0);
        input  [3:0] d0;
        output q0;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q0 <= d0;
           end
     

// add r1
        core_v core_vr1 ( d1, q1);
        input  d1;
        output q1;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q1 <= d1;
        end

//add r2
core_v core_vr2_i ( d2, q2);
        input  d2;
        output  q2;
        
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q2 <= d2;
       
        end

// add acc
core_v core_vacc( d, q);
        input  d;
        output q;
         reg [3:0] q;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q <= d;
        end

//add temacc    
core_v core_tempacc(d3,q3 );
        input  d3;
        output q3;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
         if (ld==1) q <= d;
         end 
      

// add accreg    
core_v core_tempreg(clk, ld, d4, q4);
        input  d4;
        output q4;
        
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q4 <= d4;
        end
     
//add alu   
core_v core_alu (z,a,b,sel);
input a, b;
input sel;
output z;

always@(sel,a,b)
begin
case(sel)
4'b0000: z=a+b;
4'b0001: z=a-b;
4'b0010: z=b-1;
4'b0011: z=a*b;
4'b0100: z=a&&b;
4'b0101: z=a||b;
4'b0110: z=!a;
4'b0111: z=~a;
4'b1000: z=a&b;
4'b1001: z=a|b;
4'b1010: z=a^b;
4'b1011: z=a<<1;
4'b1100: z=a>>1;
4'b1101: z=a+1;
4'b1110: z=a-1;
endcase
end
endmodule

how to remove this error
 

It would really help if you would declare your ports using the syntax added by Verilog-2001. It is 2014 after all.

How did you declare "q4".
 

dave_59 said:
It would really help if you would declare your ports using the syntax added by Verilog-2001. It is 2014 after all.

How did you declare "q4".
Click to expand...


top level file, lets call it core.v, and in it:
bidirectional data bus
three instances of the register
ALU
one instance of register, with bidirectional data path, load/!store input, enable input and clock input.
All connected together
core.v will have as i/o the clkoc, data bus, and all the control signals
look the diagram 2.13
 
Last edited:

What exactly are you trying to do here? This code makes no sense. You have declared a module called core_v, inside of which you are instantiating copies of core_v (which you can't do) and doing it incorrectly anyway as you are not listing all the ports of core_v. And then you intersperse these instantiations with some Verilog code.

I am guessing that what you are trying to do is create a module called core_v which instantiates other submodules which contain various functions. But this is certainly not the way to do it. You need to get yourself a Verilog book and find some proper examples of this. Assuming this is what you want to do.

r.b.
 

I don't want to retype what is easily found on the web already, so here is a link that shows how to write a module that instantiates other modules.

As for the diagram, you as the designer will have to decide how you want to divide up the functionality. If it is a small amount of code, you might just write all of it in the main module and dispense with sub-modules. Or make the register block a sub-module and write the rest directly in the main module. Or any other way you feel is useful to you.

r.b.
 
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    vead

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rberek said:
I don't want to retype what is easily found on the web already, so here is a link that shows how to write a module that instantiates other modules.

As for the diagram, you as the designer will have to decide how you want to divide up the functionality. If it is a small amount of code, you might just write all of it in the main module and dispense with sub-modules. Or make the register block a sub-module and write the rest directly in the main module. Or any other way you feel is useful to you.

r.b.
Click to expand...
I saw this link but when I compile this code I am getting error
Error: Node instance "u0" instantiates undefined entity "addbit"
Code: 
   module adder_implicit (
  result        , // Output of the adder
  carry         , // Carry output of adder
  r1            , // first input
  r2            , // second input
  ci              // carry input
 );
  
  // Input Port Declarations       
  input    [3:0]   r1         ;
  input    [3:0]   r2         ;
  input            ci         ;
  
  // Output Port Declarations
  output   [3:0]  result      ;
  output          carry       ;
  
  // Port Wires
  wire     [3:0]    r1        ;
  wire     [3:0]    r2        ;
  wire              ci        ;
  wire     [3:0]    result    ;
  wire              carry     ;
  
  // Internal variables
  wire              c1        ;
  wire              c2        ;
  wire              c3        ;
  
  // Code Starts Here
  addbit u0(
  r1[0]           ,
  r2[0]           ,
  ci              ,
  result[0]       ,
  c1
  );
  endmodule

when i paste this code i am getting following error
Error: Project too complex: hierarchy path is too long

Code: 
   module adder_implicit (
  result        , // Output of the adder
  carry         , // Carry output of adder
  r1            , // first input
  r2            , // second input
  ci              // carry input
 );
  
  // Input Port Declarations       
  input    [3:0]   r1         ;
  input    [3:0]   r2         ;
  input            ci         ;
  
  // Output Port Declarations
  output   [3:0]  result      ;
  output          carry       ;
  
  // Port Wires
  wire     [3:0]    r1        ;
  wire     [3:0]    r2        ;
  wire              ci        ;
  wire     [3:0]    result    ;
  wire              carry     ;
  
  // Internal variables
  wire              c1        ;
  wire              c2        ;
  wire              c3        ;
  
  // Code Starts Here
  adder_implicit u0(
  r1[0]           ,
  r2[0]           ,
  ci              ,
  result[0]       ,
  c1
  );
  endmodule
 

The error comes because you are instantiating the adder_implicit module inside itself, giving infinite recursion.
 

TrickyDicky said:
The error comes because you are instantiating the adder_implicit module inside itself, giving infinite recursion.
Click to expand...
ok I have rewrite code again but still I a getting error
Error: Node instance "comb_4" instantiates undefined entity "u0"
Error:

Code: 
   module adder_implicit (
  result        , // Output of the adder
  carry         , // Carry output of adder
  r1            , // first input
  r2            , // second input
  ci              // carry input
 );
  
  // Input Port Declarations       
  input    [3:0]   r1         ;
  input    [3:0]   r2         ;
  input            ci         ;
  
  // Output Port Declarations
  output   [3:0]  result      ;
  output          carry       ;
  
  // Port Wires
  wire     [3:0]    r1        ;
  wire     [3:0]    r2        ;
  wire              ci        ;
  wire     [3:0]    result    ;
  wire              carry     ;
  
  // Internal variables
  wire              c1        ;
  wire              c2        ;
  wire              c3        ;
  
  // Code Starts Here
   u0(
  r1[0]           ,
  r2[0]           ,
  ci              ,
  result[0]       ,
  c1
  );
  endmodule

error

Code: 
Info: *******************************************************************
Info: Running Quartus II Analysis & Synthesis
	Info: Version 9.0 Build 132 02/25/2009 SJ Web Edition
	Info: Processing started: Thu Sep 25 03:16:35 2014
Info: Command: quartus_map --read_settings_files=on --write_settings_files=off basic -c basic
Info: Found 1 design units, including 1 entities, in source file core_v.v
	Info: Found entity 1: core_v
Info: Found 1 design units, including 1 entities, in source file basic.v
	Info: Found entity 1: basic
Info: Found 1 design units, including 1 entities, in source file adder_implicit.v
	Info: Found entity 1: adder_implicit
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at core_v.v(24): data type declaration for "q1" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at core_v.v(23): "q1" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at core_v.v(13): data type declaration for "q0" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at core_v.v(12): "q0" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at core_v.v(34): data type declaration for "q2" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at core_v.v(33): "q2" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at core_v.v(45): data type declaration for "q" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at core_v.v(44): "q" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at core_v.v(55): data type declaration for "q3" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at core_v.v(54): "q3" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at core_v.v(65): data type declaration for "q4" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at core_v.v(64): "q4" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at basic.v(24): data type declaration for "q1" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at basic.v(23): "q1" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at basic.v(13): data type declaration for "q0" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at basic.v(12): "q0" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at basic.v(34): data type declaration for "q2" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at basic.v(33): "q2" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at basic.v(45): data type declaration for "q" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at basic.v(44): "q" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at basic.v(55): data type declaration for "q3" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at basic.v(54): "q3" is declared here
Warning (10227): Verilog HDL Port Declaration warning at basic.v(65): data type declaration for "q4" declares packed dimensions but the port declaration declaration does not
Info (10151): Verilog HDL Declaration information at basic.v(64): "q4" is declared here
Critical Warning (10846): Verilog HDL Instantiation warning at adder_implicit.v(40): instance has no name
Info: Elaborating entity "adder_implicit" for the top level hierarchy
Warning (10034): Output port "result[3]" at adder_implicit.v(18) has no driver
Warning (10034): Output port "result[2]" at adder_implicit.v(18) has no driver
Warning (10034): Output port "result[1]" at adder_implicit.v(18) has no driver
Warning (10034): Output port "carry" at adder_implicit.v(19) has no driver
Error: Node instance "comb_4" instantiates undefined entity "u0"
Error: Quartus II Analysis & Synthesis was unsuccessful. 1 error, 17 warnings
	Error: Peak virtual memory: 232 megabytes
	Error: Processing ended: Thu Sep 25 03:16:39 2014
	Error: Elapsed time: 00:00:04
	Error: Total CPU time (on all processors): 00:00:03
Error: Quartus II Full Compilation was unsuccessful. 3 errors, 17 warnings
 
Last edited:

You are still not getting it. What is u0 supposed to do be doing?

Unfortunately, that website I pointed you to does not show the best example of writing a module. I should have looked closer.

Here is a super simple Verilog module:

Code: 
module blah (

  input    wire       a,
  input    wire       b,
  output   wire       c
);

assign    c = a | b;

endmodule

You do not need to instantiate a module inside itself as you have been trying to do.

r.b.
 

rberek said:
You are still not getting it. What is u0 supposed to do be doing?

Unfortunately, that website I pointed you to does not show the best example of writing a module. I should have looked closer.


Here is a super simple Verilog module:

Code: 
module blah (

  input    wire       a,
  input    wire       b,
  output   wire       c
);

assign    c = a | b;

endmodule

You do not need to instantiate a module inside itself as you have been trying to do.

r.b.
Click to expand...


I know but how to correct following error
Code: 
// Code Starts Here
   u0(
  r1[0]           ,
  r2[0]           ,
  ci              ,
  result[0]       ,
  c1
  );

how to correct this error I have tried a lot but still not get success
 

What are you trying to do with that code? What did you think it would do? Is it supposed to be an instantiation of something?

Its not legal Verilog as far as I know, so if you tell us what this was trying to achieve, maybe we can help.

r.b.
 

Go back and look at rberek's link in #6

Your code:
Code: 
// Code Starts Here
   u0(
  r1[0]           ,
  r2[0]           ,
  ci              ,
  result[0]       ,
  c1
  );
is incorrectly written compared to the example in #6.
Code: 
// Code Starts Here
[B][I][COLOR="#FF0000"]addbit[/COLOR][/I][/B]   u0(
  r1[0]           ,
  r2[0]           ,
  ci              ,
  result[0]       ,
  c1
  );
You need to compile the addbit.v module first, so when you compile the adder_implicit module it can find something to fill the spot for u0. BTW implicit ordering of ports on an instantiated module is NOT recommended. It is better to use named ordering of the ports. i.e. .port_name (port_connection_name), ...

You should read a book on Verilog, instead of flailing around trying to learn Verilog from poorly written website tutorials. I initially learned Verilog using the Thomas/Moorby book and later bought Verilog HDL by Palnitkar. I only use websites as a quick reference.
 

ok i want to write code for following example

there are three registers that are connected with single data bus

I have written code but getting error
Code: 
module register  (clk, ld, d0,d1,d2,q0,q1,q2);

input clk;
input ld;
// Input Port Declarations
input [3:0] d0 ;
input [3:0] d1 ;
input [3:0] d2 ;

// Output Port Declarations
output [3:0] q0;
output [3:0] q1;
output [3:0] q2;
// ports wire
wire [3:0] c0;
wire [3:0] c1;
wire [3:0] c2;

  reg [3:0]q0;
  always @(posedge clk)
   begin
     if (ld==1) q0 <= d0;
      end
reg [3:0]q1;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q1 <= d1;
           end
   reg [3:0]q2;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q2 <= d2;
           end      
register r0 (clk,ld,d0,q0,so);
register  r1 ( clk,ld,d1, q1,s1);
register r2 ( clk, ld,d2, q2,s2);
endmodule
endmodule

Verilog HDL syntax error at register.v(40) near text "endmodule"
 

Your error line number, 40, doesn't match the number of lines in the code you posted. You should use add a comment to the line that throws the error.

Now I do notice you have two endmodule statements. You should only have one endmodule statement for a module.

You are also still instantiating the module register inside the module register. rberek has told you multiple times that you can't do that. If you don't take the advice from forum members that do this stuff professionally then why bother asking any questions?

- - - Updated - - -

You know looking at your code some more you don't seem to understand anything about Verilog or how to comment code properly. Comments should tell why you did something and/or what it does somewhere else in the code. Not obvious stuff like "here are the input ports"...how about...// three DFF inputs that are captured by ld on the rising edge of clk
Code: 
module register  (clk, ld, d0,d1,d2,q0,q1,q2);
input clk;
input ld;
// Input Port Declarations  ---- ads-ee useless comment not even worth typing this
input [3:0] d0 ;
input [3:0] d1 ;
input [3:0] d2 ;
// Output Port Declarations ---- ads-ee useless comment not even worth typing this
output [3:0] q0;
output [3:0] q1;
output [3:0] q2;
Typical antiquated Verilog 87 method taught to B/M-Tech students when Verilog 2001 port syntax is supported by every single vendor.
Code: 
module register (
  input             clk,
  // common D-FF load signal, active high
  input             ld,
  // D-FF inputs
  input      [3:0]  d0,
  input      [3:0]  d1,
  input      [3:0]  d2,
  // D-FF outputs
  output reg [3:0]  q0,
  output reg [3:0]  q1,
  output reg [3:0]  q2
);
This is how you do this in Verilog 2001.

you don't even use these signals?
Code: 
// ports wire
wire [3:0] c0;
wire [3:0] c1;
wire [3:0] c2;

What is with this crazy indenting?
Code: 
  reg [3:0]q0;
  always @(posedge clk)
   begin
     if (ld==1) q0 <= d0;
      end
reg [3:0]q1;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q1 <= d1;
           end
   reg [3:0]q2;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q2 <= d2;
           end
Reformated and cleaned up so it's readable.
Code: 
  always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (ld) q0 <= d0;
  end

  always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (ld) q1 <= d1;
  end

  always @(posedge clk) begin
    if (ld) q2 <= d2;
  end

Your trying to instantiate the register module inside itself. This is illegal. Besides that your register instances don't even have the same number of ports as the register module.
Code: 
module [COLOR="#FF0000"]register[/COLOR]  (clk, ld, d0,d1,d2,q0,q1,q2);
//...
[COLOR="#FF0000"]register[/COLOR] r0 (clk,ld,d0,q0,so);
[COLOR="#FF0000"]register[/COLOR]  r1 ( clk,ld,d1, q1,s1);
[COLOR="#FF0000"]register[/COLOR] r2 ( clk, ld,d2, q2,s2);

What can I say...there are too many endmodule statements here.
Code: 
endmodule
endmodule
 

Couple of quick tips:
- Use verilog 2001 syntax. While universities (especially in India it seems) like to perpetuate old unreadable crap, the rest of the world doesn't.
- Use 
Code Verilog - [expand]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

tags to post code. It will give people readable line numbers.
- Post code with proper indentation. If you want people to read your code, make it readable.
- Post your entire code. That way line numbers in errors you post will actually make sense.
- Post full error messages.
- Read a book on verilog, or [url=https://bit.ly/1msLUp5]read the LRM[/url].
 
At least 5 of the 6 apply to you. Spot the one you could possibly get out of.
 

You are also still instantiating the module register inside the module register. rberek has told you multiple times that you can't do that. If you don't take the advice from forum members that do this stuff professionally then why bother asking any questions?
Click to expand...
when I don't use instantiating the module then I get more error

as you said i write code without instantiating the module but tell me why I am getting error

Code: 
module core_v(A,B,Cin,S,Cout);
  input A, B, Cin;
  output S, Cout;
  wire S1, C1, C2;

  (A, B, S1, C1);
  (S1, Cin, S, Cout);
  (Cout, C1, C2);
  endmodule

error
Code: 
Error: Quartus II Analysis & Synthesis was unsuccessful. 9 errors, 0 warnings
	Error: Peak virtual memory: 230 megabytes
	Error: Processing ended: Thu Sep 25 10:36:30 2014
	Error: Elapsed time: 00:00:05
	Error: Total CPU time (on all processors): 00:00:03
 

- Use 
Code Verilog - [expand]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

tags to post code. It will give people readable line numbers.
 
And for bonus points it gives you syntax highlighting, making things even easier to read.
 
How? See second post: 
 
And tapdancing Messiah in-the-act-of-procreation, post the relevant error message, not the summary.
 

vead said:
when I don't use instantiating the module then I get more error

as you said i write code without instantiating the module but tell me why I am getting error

Code: 
module core_v(A,B,Cin,S,Cout);
  input A, B, Cin;
  output S, Cout;
  wire S1, C1, C2;

  (A, B, S1, C1);
  (S1, Cin, S, Cout);
  (Cout, C1, C2);
  endmodule

error
Code: 
Error: Quartus II Analysis & Synthesis was unsuccessful. 9 errors, 0 warnings
	Error: Peak virtual memory: 230 megabytes
	Error: Processing ended: Thu Sep 25 10:36:30 2014
	Error: Elapsed time: 00:00:05
	Error: Total CPU time (on all processors): 00:00:03
Click to expand...

I give up you, keep flip-flopping between examples (shows a lack of focus and inability to drill down into a topic to achieve full understanding)...You should figure out one example and one example only. Understand that example completely then move on to more complex examples and understand those before moving on.

I seriously suggest you reexamine why you are pursuing a B-Tech degree when you don't seem to be suited to learning a technical subject. It seems learning technical stuff is foreign to your mental processes. You've been shown examples of modules with sub modules instantiated in them, but still don't grasp any of the concepts involved. You don't even seem to understand there is a syntax involved for how you write the instantiation. I've noticed this same trend in other posts you've made. You might want to consider something in a non technical field such as business, marketing/sales.
 

finally I made some code with no error
Code: 
module core_v (clk, ld, d0,q0);
// Input Port Declarations
input clk;
input ld;
input [3:0] d0 ;
wire [3:0] c0;
// Output Port Declarations
output [3:0] q0;
reg [3:0]q0;
  always @(posedge clk)
   begin
     if (ld==1) q0 <= d0;
 end
 endmodule  
 
module registerr1(clk,ld,d1,q1); 
input [3:0] d1 ,clk,ld; 
output [3:0] q1;
wire [3:0] c1; 
reg [3:0]q1;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q1 <= d1;
           end
endmodule    
module register2 (clk,ld,d2,q2);
input [3:0] d2,clk,ld ;
output [3:0] q2;
wire [3:0] c2;
 reg [3:0]q2;
        always @(posedge clk)
        begin
           if (ld==1) q2 <= d2;
           end      

 core_v r0 (clk,ld,d0,q0,s0);
 core_v r1 (clk,ld,d1q1,s1);
 core_v r2 (clk,ld,d2,d2,s2);
  
endmodule
 

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